Evolution designed us to die fast; we can change that — Jacob Kimmel

Dwarkesh Podcast

Jacob Kimmel thinks he can find the transcription factors to reverse aging. We do a deep dive on why this might be plausible and why evolution hasn’t optimized for longevity. We also talk about why drug discovery has been getting exponentially harder, and what a new platform for biological understanding to speed up progress would look like. As a bonus, we get into the nitty gritty of gene delivery and Jacob’s controversial takes on CAR-T cells. For full disclosure, I am an angel investor in NewLimit. This did not impact my decision to interview Jacob, nor the questions I asked him.

Watch on YouTube; listen on Apple Podcasts or Spotify.

SPONSORS

* Hudson River Trading uses deep learning to tackle one of the world's most complex systems: global capital allocation. They have a massive in-house GPU cluster, and they’re constantly adding new racks of B200s to ensure their researchers are never constrained by compute. Explore opportunities at hudsonrivertrading.com/dwarkesh\

* Google’s Gemini CLI turns ideas into working applications FAST, no coding required. It built a complete podcast post-production tool in 10 minutes, including fully functional backend logic, and the entire build used less than 10% of Gemini’s session context. Check it out on Github now!

* To sponsor a future episode, visit dwarkesh.com/advertise.

TIMESTAMPS

(00:00:00) – Three reasons evolution didn’t optimize for longevity

(00:12:07) – Why didn't humans evolve their own antibiotics?

(00:25:26) – De-aging cells via epigenetic reprogramming

(00:44:43) – Viral vectors and other delivery mechanisms

(01:06:22) – Synthetic transcription factors

(01:09:31) – Can virtual cells break Eroom’s Law?

(01:31:32) – Economic models for pharma



This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.dwarkesh.com
More description

Jacob Kimmel thinks he can find the transcription factors to reverse aging. We do a deep dive on why this might be plausible and why evolution hasn’t optimized for longevity. We also talk about why drug discovery has been getting exponentially harder, and what a new platform for biological understanding to speed up progress would look like. As a bonus, we get into the nitty gritty of gene delivery and Jacob’s controversial takes on CAR-T cells. For full disclosure, I am an angel investor in NewLimit. This did not impact my decision to interview Jacob, nor the questions I asked him.

Watch on YouTube; listen on Apple Podcasts or Spotify.

SPONSORS

* Hudson River Trading uses deep learning to tackle one of the world's most complex systems: global capital allocation. They have a massive in-house GPU cluster, and they’re constantly adding new racks of B200s to ensure their researchers are never constrained by compute. Explore opportunities at hudsonrivertrading.com/dwarkesh\

* Google’s Gemini CLI turns ideas into working applications FAST, no coding required. It built a complete podcast post-production tool in 10 minutes, including fully functional backend logic, and the entire build used less than 10% of Gemini’s session context. Check it out on Github now!

* To sponsor a future episode, visit dwarkesh.com/advertise.

TIMESTAMPS

(00:00:00) – Three reasons evolution didn’t optimize for longevity

(00:12:07) – Why didn't humans evolve their own antibiotics?

(00:25:26) – De-aging cells via epigenetic reprogramming

(00:44:43) – Viral vectors and other delivery mechanisms

(01:06:22) – Synthetic transcription factors

(01:09:31) – Can virtual cells break Eroom’s Law?

(01:31:32) – Economic models for pharma



This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.dwarkesh.com
2025-08-21 104 min
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