Risky or Not?

In a special American Thanksgiving holiday episode, Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of trice reheated poultry.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• "Risky or Not 2021" graphic tee, pullover hoodie, tank, onesie, and pullover crewneck
• It's Difficult to Make Predictions, Especially About the Future – Quote Investigator
• Leftovers: The Gift that Keeps on Giving | USDA
• Turkey Enchiladas - Gimme Some Oven
• Simple Perfect Enchiladas Recipe | Ree Drummond | Food Network
• Trader Joe's Enchilada Sauce 12oz : Grocery & Gourmet Food

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating from an open turkey bacon package a few weeks after it's best by date.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Butterball Bacon Style Turkey | Walmart Canada
• ComBase

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from putting hot food in the fridge with a lid.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Snoop Dogg wants you to read your college syllabus I Cameo - YouTube
• corky on Twitter: "@benjaminchapman @bugcounter This video says it's risky to put hot food in the fridge if you use a lid, but fine if you don't use a lid. Is that true? #RiskyOrNot? https://t.co/grPBCLzDB7" / Twitter
• Cooling Foods in School Foodservice Operations Summary Report
• Influence of Four Retail Food Service Cooling Methods on the Behavior of Clostridium perfringens ATCC 10388 in Turkey Roasts following Heating to an Internal Temperature of 74°C | Journal of Food Protection
• Quantitative Data Analysis To Determine Best Food Cooling Practices in U.S. Restaurants
• O. Pete Snyder, food safety rock star | barfblog

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from a breakfast casserole prepared by someone with the common cold.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Potential for foodborne transmission Covid-19: » Meat Industry Association
• Clark's Bonus - YouTube
• Hashbrown Breakfast Casserole | A Mind "Full" Mom
• Short-Duration Exposure and the Transmission of Rhinoviral Colds | The Journal of Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
• Rhinovirus transmission: one if by air, two if by hand.
• Transmission of viral respiratory infections in the home : The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
• Aerosol transmission of rhinovirus colds - PubMed
• "Gesundheit!" sneezing, common colds, allergies, and Staphylococcus aureus dispersion - PubMed
• The formation of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin in food environments and advances in risk assessment

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of dry canning ground beef using a recipe based on wet canned ground beef.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Sarah Plain & Tall (@peeliesnpetals) TikTok | Watch Sarah Plain & Tall's Newest TikTok Videos... at least until she blocks you.
• Dry Canning Ground Meat - Healthy Canning
• Heating patterns inside jars - Healthy Canning
• National Center for Home Food Preservation | How Do I? Can Meats
• Non-uniformity of lethality in retort processes based on heat distribution and heat penetration data - ScienceDirect
• Home Canning Processes for Low-Acid Foods - dry vs wet sweet potato processes

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating reprocessed home canned potatoes that were under processed and held at room temperature for 24 hours before reprocessing.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Presto Precise® Digital Pressure Canner - Electric Pressure Canners - Presto®
• National Center for Home Food Preservation | How Do I? Store
• Botulism | Botulism | CDC
• Conservative Prediction of Time to Clostridium botulinum Toxin Formation for Use with Time-Temperature Indicators To Ensure the Safety of Foods | Journal of Food Protection
• Large Outbreak of Botulism: The Hazardous Baked Potato | The Journal of Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
• Notes from the Field: Large Outbreak of Botulism Associated with a Church Potluck Meal — Ohio, 2015

Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• Sarah Sorscher on Twitter: "Punishing a food server for calling in sick with a serious infection… #riskyornot? ⁦@bugcounter⁩ #Paidleaveforall https://t.co/qRFRBjgGVU" / Twitter
• AITA for walking out on my job? : AmItheAsshole
• Chapo Trap House (@CHAPOTRAPHOUSE) / Twitter
• Deere John Letter feat. Jonah Furman | Chapo Trap House | Episode 570 FULL - YouTube
• IAFP 2019 Program, Food Workers – Technology Approaches and Other Interventions for Keeping Sick People Out of the Operation
• What's an Employee Point System and How Could It Benefit Your Company? | United Concordia
• Bernie Sanders on Twitter: "Today, with 6 of my colleagues, I sent a letter to Kellogg's CEO in support of the brave workers striking across the country. In a time of record profits and a terrible pandemic, let's be clear: Kellogg can afford to treat workers with dignity. https://t.co/L13rAaU3mz" / Twitter

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating frozen food from 1972.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Lee Katz 🍞 on Twitter: "@bugcounter @benjaminchapman I don't know if I hear enough about obviously risky foods on #riskyornot. Has anyone has sent this to you yet? https://t.co/pAdnER471x https://t.co/G3IT52rJ3V" / Twitter
• Woman Finds Food in Grandparents' Freezer Dating Back to 1972 Then Defrosts It

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating pesto made with carrot tops.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Nutty Carrot Top Pesto
• Pesto - Wikipedia
• Carrot Top - Wikipedia
• Yes, You Can Eat Carrot Tops. No, They're Not Poisonous! | Kitchn

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of a mysterious take out omelette with "pepper".

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Omelet vs. Omelette: : Which Spelling Is Right? | Grammarly
• Black pepper - Wikipedia

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of returning food trucks to use after holding COVID-19 bodies.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• (8) Don Schaffner 🦠 on Twitter: "@food_career Sure it's nasty, but is it #RiskyOrNot @benjaminchapman?" / Twitter
• Returning Refrigerated Transport Vehicles and Refrigerated Storage Units to Food Uses After Using Them to Preserve Human Remains During the COVID-19 Pandemic | FDA
• Potential for foodborne transmission Covid-19: » Meat Industry Association
• Apparently Wholesome Food Law and Legal Definition | USLegal, Inc.

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from homemade treats from neighbors on Halloween.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Mr Stránky
• Halloween - Wikipedia
• Poisoned candy myths - Wikipedia

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from a food in a package that a cockroach walked on.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Carriage of micro-organisms by domestic cockroaches and implications on food safety | International Journal of Tropical Insect Science | Cambridge Core
• Cockroaches (Blattaria) as Vectors of Food Poisoning and Food Infection Organisms1 | Journal of Medical Entomology | Oxford Academic
• Cockroaches and Food-borne Pathogens - Eric S Donkor, 2020
• Cockroaches As Vectors of Salmonella: Laboratory and Field Trials | Journal of Food Protection
• Bacterial contamination of food by cockroaches - Document - Gale Academic OneFile

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks cross-contamination from plant based meat.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• | Food Science & Human Nutrition | UIUC
• Vegan Burger Meat, Crumbles, & Sausages | Beyond Meat
• Veggie Breakfast Sausage Links | MorningStar Farms® Breakfast
• Beyond Sausage Chicago Dog | Beyond Meat
• Beyond Sausage Skewers | Beyond Meat
• Brats, Hot Sausage, & Italian Sausage | Beyond Meat
• Viability of Shiga Toxin–producing Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Listeria monocytogenes Within Plant Versus Beef Burgers During Cold Storage and Following Pan Frying | Journal of Food Protection

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of having having a romantic flour fight.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 ️ Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• sjh_canada on Twitter: "@bugcounter Risky or not : romantic flour fight? https://t.co/E98Rn8zoac" / Twitter
• Say No to Raw Dough | CDC
• Food Safety | Ardent Mills
• Ardent Mills Flour Food Safety White Paper
• Role of Microbiological Guidelines in the Production and Commercial Use of Milled Cereal Grains: A Practical Approach for the 21st Century | Journal of Food Protection
• That's Amore by Dean Martin with Lyrics!!!! - YouTube
• A California Christmas (2020 Netflix) – Lifetime Uncorked

Added in post, Isha solves the riddle:

• isha leigh on Twitter: "@bugcounter Looks like the Princess Switch 2 (via a google of Vanessa Hudgens flour fight)" / Twitter

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating on an active fishing pier.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• R.E.M. - Nightswimming (Official Music Video) [British Version] - YouTube
• Fishin' In The Dark- Nitty Gritty Dirt Band with lyrics - YouTube
• Health Department Inspection Criteria More Likely To Be Associated with Outbreak Restaurants in Minnesota | Journal of Food Protection
• Minnesota - Wikipedia
• Walleye - Wikipedia

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating food with a bite out of it.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼 *

• Officer who accused McDonald's workers of taking a bite of his sandwich 'forgot' he ate it
• 106. Sharing Dessert — Risky or Not?
• Detection of Norovirus in Saliva Samples from Acute Gastroenteritis Cases and Asymptomatic Subjects: Association with Age and Higher Shedding in Stool - PubMed
• 134. Blowing Out Candles on a Birthday Cake — Risky or Not?
• Chief Wiggum - Wikipedia

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from Kinder Surprise Eggs.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Kinder Surprise - Wikipedia
• Kinder eggs are coming to U.S. stores next year
• Import Alert 34-02
• Why the FDA doesn't like chocolate eggs with toys inside - Marketplace
• Elixir Sulfanilamide - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
• Why are Kinder Surprise Eggs Illegal in the United States?
• Kinder Surprise egg seized at U.S. border | CBC News

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from air cooled hard boiled eggs stored at room temperature.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Risky or Not?
• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Maxwell Holle on Twitter: "Can you make hard boiled eggs in the EU that are shelf stable? Uh…risky or not? @benjaminchapman @bugcounter" / Twitter
• Maxwell Holle (@holle_max) / Twitter
• Hazardous Food Guidelines | Teton County, WY
• Maxwell Holle | Davidson

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating a cooked turkey that's been thawed, when it was meant to be cooked from frozen.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• How to Make and Sell an NFT (Crypto Art Tutorial) - YouTube
• Neil Young - Harvest Moon [Official Music Video] - YouTube
• Don Schaffner 🦠 on Twitter: "It is super weird however that USDA FSIS repeatedly states that 165 F is needed for safety however: https://t.co/537x55IVGO I think this might be good for #RiskyOrNot ok @benjaminchapman?" / Twitter
• Let's Talk Turkey—A Consumer Guide to Safely Roasting a Turkey | Food Safety and Inspection Service
• Don Schaffner 🦠 on Twitter: "@FifthCrichton Yup it's fine to cook from thawed state. Cooking time may differ from the frozen directions. I recommend using product temperature to determine cooking doneness anyway. USDA recommends cooking to 165 F." / Twitter
• Ready to Roast Classic Whole Young Turkey | Butterball®

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from not washing coffee making devices.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• IAFP Foundation - International Association for Food Protection
• AeroPress - Official Store, Replacement Parts And Recipes
• Coffee and spent coffee extracts protect against cell mutagens and inhibit growth of food-borne pathogen microorganisms - ScienceDirect

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of using sticks for roasting marshmallows.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Food Safety Talk 246: Use Clean Sticks — Food Safety Talk
• Safe Plates Food Safety (@safeplatesfsic) TikTok | Watch Safe Plates Food Safety's Newest TikTok Videos
• Fate of Listeria monocytogenes in Fresh Apples and Caramel Apples - PubMed
• Appendix E: Water Activity Values of Select Food Ingredients and Products - Water Activity in Foods - Wiley Online Library

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks posed by pickles that bubble during room temperature fermentation.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• National Center for Home Food Preservation | How Do I? Pickle
• Ball Blue Book Guide to Preserving: Altrista Consumr Products: 0797190001428: Amazon.com: Books
• Understanding and Making Kimchi – Food Smart Colorado
• Determination of 5-Log Reduction Times for Food Pathogens in Acidified Cucumbers during Storage at 10 and 25°C Journal of Food Protection

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of leaving a baked apple pie on the counter for days.

Keywords: Pie, Room temperature, Water activity Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Shelf Life and Safety Concerns of Bakery Products—A Review: Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition: Vol 44, No 1
• Homemade Apple Pie - Best Recipe for Apple Pie
• Home - Texas Cottage Food Law
• https://www.fda.gov/files/food/published/Evaluation-and-Definition-of-Potentially-Hazardous-Foods.pdf
• Comparison of NSF and ABA Protocols to Determine Whether a Food Requires Time/Temperature Control for Safety - 2003 - Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety - Wiley Online Library
• USDA pie fillings, fruit, prepared
• An Outbreak of Gastrointestinal Disturbance Following the Eating of Chocolate Cream Pie | NEJM

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating old extra blue, blue cheese.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• National Sportsball Association League | Sportsball | Know Your Meme
• Blue cheese - Wikipedia
• Modeling the growth of Listeria monocytogenes in mold-ripened cheeses - ScienceDirect
• Blue Cheese Crumbles - Emporium Selection | ALDI US

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating homemade cashew cheese.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella: Jule's Cashew Brie (April 2021) | FDA
• Nick Dawson on Twitter: "@bugcounter @benjaminchapman got one for ya. I'm vegan & very into fermenting. Been experimenting with cashew-based blue cheese. Starts by using acidophilus to kick start the cashew cream, then penicillium roqueforti. 6 weeks in fridge. Mine has some pinkish hues. Risky or not? https://t.co/7OqE57pFCA" / Twitter
• Outbreak of S. Weltevreden linked to fermented cashew nut cheese in Victoria, BC
• Nutritional, Microbial, and Allergenic Changes during the Fermentation of Cashew 'Cheese' Product Using a Quinoa-Based Rejuvelac Starter Culture
• Gastroenteritis Outbreak Associated with Unpasteurized Tempeh, North Carolina, USA
• Fermentation of Aqueous Plant Seed Extracts by Lactic Acid Bacteria | Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of shipping Fruit and Vegetable Infused Tequila through the mail.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• IAFP Foundation - International Association for Food Protection
• Effect of Ethanol on the Growth of Clostridium botulinum | Journal of Food Protection
• Growth/no growth interfaces of Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enteritidis in model systems based on water activity, pH, temperature and ethanol concentration - ScienceDirect
• How to Science Your Way to Better Spirit Infusions | PUNCH
• About Us - PUNCH
• How to Infuse Oils, Vinegars, Liquor or Honey (Without Making People Barf) | NC State News
• FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Origanum oil, thyme oil and related phenol derivative-containing flavoring ingredients - ScienceDirect

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of a big bug landing in your huge Margarita.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• The GIANT Margarita Glasses Were Almost Enough To Save Natasha & Dr. Joe
• Quantitative Analysis of Houseflies-mediated Food Contamination with Bacteria
• Why a female fly will ruin your drink, but a male is fine | New Scientist
• The scent of the fly | bioRxiv

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of unrefrigerated breads that contain inclusions (e.g. some focaccia breads).

Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Kathleen Turner - Wikipedia
• Hart Schaffner Marx
• William Schaffner, M.D. | Department of Health Policy
• Parameters for Determining Inoculated Pack/Challenge Study Protocols†,‡ | Journal of Food Protection
• Sausage Balls Recipe | MyRecipes
• Focaccia - Wikipedia

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from storing sealed mason jars of washed strawberries in the refrigerator.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Merch — Risky or Not?
• Kevin Budnik
• Pruno: A Recipe for Botulism | Botulism | CDC
• FoodKeeper App | FoodSafety.gov
• Survival of Listeria monocytogenes on fresh and frozen strawberries
• Survival of Listeria monocytogenes on Fresh Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum) Stored under Controlled Atmosphere and Ozone
• ComBase Models Are Valid for Predicting Fate of Listeria monocytogenes on 10 Whole Intact Raw Fruits and Vegetables | Journal of Food Protection

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of reusing pickle brine to make more pickles.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Sarah Sorscher on Twitter: "Endless pickles, #riskyornot @benjaminchapman @bugcounter ?" / Twitter
• trash jones on Twitter: "when i finish a jar of pickles i cut up a cucumber and put the slices back in the jar until they pickle too. i call this endless pickles" / Twitter
• That Leftover Pickling Brine | Preserving Food at Home

Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating raw chicken meat sashimi.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• Benjamin Schrager on Twitter: "My paper on raw chicken in Japan just got published!! Risky but Raw: On (Not) Regulating One of the Most High-Risk Dishes in Japan Thank you to @Gastronomica for the smooth process and reviewers for their insightful feedback. https://t.co/2mp9FpESDo" / Twitter
• Risky but Raw | Gastronomica | University of California Press
• Assessment of the dose-response relationship of Campylobacter jejuni - PubMed

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating raw frozen Eggo waffles.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

Keywords: Frozen Waffles, Listeria

• (Ryan Dlugosz on Twitter: "@bugcounter @benjaminchapman I always assumed frozen waffles were ready to eat (see pic). Is it #riskyornot to eat them frozen? Fwiw I'm not a monster and I always lightly toast mine… but one of the kids prefers them frozen! https://t.co/o6PLdlVwYC" / Twitter
• Kellogg Co. recalls Eggo waffles after routine test shows Listeria | Food Safety News
• Food Safety Talk 12: Dueling Experts — Food Safety Talk
• Is Kellogg clueless about food safety? Public relations? | barfblog
• 'Stranger Things' caused an Eggo boom. Now sales are waffling
• Siracusa on Toasters — Liss is More
• Sunbeam 4 Slice Extra-wide Slot Toaster - Black Tssbtr4sbk : Target

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating salmon cooked in a dishwasher.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Dishwasher salmon - Wikipedia
• Roasted Salmon | Partnership for Food Safety Education
• Dishwasher Cooking: Make Your Dinner While Cleaning The Plates : The Salt : NPR
• FSIS Salmonella Compliance Guidelines for Small and Very Small Meat and Poultry Establishments that Produce Ready-to-Eat (RTE) Products and Revised Appendix A | Food Safety and Inspection Service
• A method to evaluate factors influencing the microbial reduction in domestic dishwashers - Brands - 2020 - Journal of Applied Microbiology - Wiley Online Library
• (44) Vincent Price on Johnny Carson - Cooking Segment - Nov, 21, 1975 - YouTube
• The Joy of Dishwasher Cooking | Mental Floss

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating that green stuff from lobsters.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

Keywords: Lobster, Tomalley, Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning

• To Eat or Not to Eat: Lobster Tomalley | Cook's Illustrated
• Food Safety Talk 226: So I've Got That Goin' for Me — Food Safety Talk
• Panera Bread Is Now Selling Lobster Rolls
• The Massachusetts Bay industrial waste site: A preliminary survey…

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from having undercooked meat with a low level of a pathogen incubating in a mouth for 12 hours.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• Jason Folster☣️ on Twitter: "@benjaminchapman @bugcounter Hopefully not but sure. Undercooked meat with a low level of pathogen incubating in a mouth for 12 hours. This conversation makes me want to floss IMMEDIATELY. 🤢" / Twitter
• 188. Reused Chewing Gum — Risky or Not?
• In silico analysis of the competition between Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus mutans in the dental biofilm - Valdebenito - 2018 - Molecular Oral Microbiology - Wiley Online Library
• Oral Infection by Staphylococcus Aureus in Patients Affected by White Sponge Nevus: A Description of Two Cases Occurred in the Same Family
• Nosocomial Infections - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf
• Opportunistic infection - Wikipedia

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of defrosting a turkey in a hot tub.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• chris ernt on Twitter: "Hey @bugcounter, defrosting a turkey in a hot tub, risky or not?" / Twitter
• Should You Use Chlorine or Bromine to Sanitize Your Hot Tub? - pHin
• How To Cook a Completely Frozen Turkey for Thanksgiving | Kitchn
• Let's Talk Turkey—A Consumer Guide to Safely Roasting a Turkey | Food Safety and Inspection Service
• Consumer Food Handling Recommendations: Is thawing of turkey a food safety issue?

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating whole veggies and raw meat in a home refrigerator at 50°F for four days.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Comprehensive evaluation of temperatures within home refrigerators
• Emergency Action Plan for Retail Food Establishment | Conference-Developed Guides and Documents | Conference for Food Protection
• Consumer Home Refrigeration Practices: Results of a Web-Based Survey | Journal of Food Protection
• ComBase
• Validation of Mathematical Models for Salmonella Growth in Raw Ground Beef under Dynamic Temperature Conditions Representing Loss of Refrigeration | Journal of Food Protection
• The Big Lebowski (1998) - IMDb

* Please listen to the episode! High equivocating content.

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating fried chicken held at room temperature for 4 hours.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• ComBase
• FSIS Compliance Guideline for Stabilization (Cooling and Hot-Holding) of Fully and Partially Heat-Treated RTE and NRTE Meat and Poultry Products Produced by Small and Very Small Establishments and Revised Appendix B June 2017 Compliance Guideline | Food Safety and Inspection Service

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating a hotdog encased in epoxy for months.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• Home of the epoxy hotdog, for all your epoxy hotdog needs!
• Putting A Whole Hot Dog In Epoxy Resin | DIY Epoxy Resin Art - YouTube
• 10 month epoxy hot dog update!
• Microbiological safety of processed meat products formulated with low nitrite concentration — A review
• Epoxy: A Complete Guide - Copps Industries

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of reusing chewing gum.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Does Your Chewing Gum Lose Its Flavour (On the Bedpost Overnight?) - Wikipedia
• • U.S.: consumption of chewing gum / bubble gum 2020 | Statista
• E: Water Activity Values of Select Food Ingredients and Products - Water Activity in Foods - Wiley Online Library
• Staphylococci in the oral flora of healthy children and those receiving treatment for malignant disease
• The wasted chewing gum bacteriome - PubMed
• Quantification and qualification of bacteria trapped in chewed gum - PubMed
• Gum Wall - Wikipedia

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Veronica on Twitter: even MUFFINS are risky?!
• Muffins Sold At Evanston Sam's Club Recalled Due To Listeria | Evanston, IL Patch
• Give and Go Prepared Foods (U.S.A.) Corp. Conducts Voluntary Recall of Certain Muffin Products Due to Possible Health Risk | FDA
• Give and Go Prepared Foods photos
• Food Safety Talk 242: Invisible Poop Particles
• Listeria monocytogenes Dose Response Revisited

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from a drink where the bartender has handled lemon slices with their bare hands.

Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Transfer of Escherichia Coli to Lemons Slices and Ice during Handling - Journal of Food Research
• Survival and Growth of Salmonella and Shigella on Sliced Fresh Fruit | Journal of Food Protection
• Survival of Salmonella on Lemon and Lime Slices and Subsequent Transfer to Beverages - International Association for Food Protection
• Microbial flora on restaurant beverage lemon slices - PubMed
• Is the lemon slice in your G&T harbouring bacteria? - Biomaster Protected | Blog

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of tamago kake gohan (cooking an egg with hot rice).

Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• Tamago Kake Gohan Recipe - Love and Lemons
• 31: Rice Left in a Warming Rice Cooker Over Night — Risky or Not?
• Parameters for Determining Inoculated Pack/Challenge Study Protocols†,‡ | Journal of Food Protection
• eggs - Risky or Not?
• "Letterkenny" Crack An Ag (TV Episode 2019) - IMDb

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of cooked tapioca left at room temperature overnight.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️ Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• Jennifer on Twitter: Instruction for (many brands of) tapioca pearls say after boiling for 20 mins, to remove the pot from the stove and let it rest on the counter overnight and then bring to a boil again in the morning Is this unsafe?
• Watch Jensplaining | Prime Video
• Tapioca - Wikipedia
• How to Store Tapioca Pearls (Boba) - Cooked & Uncooked - HighKitchenIQ
• Moisture sorption isotherms of fufu and tapioca at different temperatures - ScienceDirect
• Survival and Growth of Foodborne Pathogens during Cooking and Storage of Oriental-Style Rice Cakes | Journal of Food Protection
• Small Pearl Tapioca :: Bob's Red Mill Natural Foods
• How To Cook White Tapioca Pearls (Step by Step) - Hungry Huy

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from drinking wine submerged in flood waters.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Randal Oulton on Twitter: Are these wines safe?
• Ahr (wine region) - Wikipedia
• Food safety before and after a flood - Safe Food & Water
• Floods: Key Tips for Consumers About Food and Water Safety | FDA
• The Pros & Cons of Different Wine Closures | Wine Enthusiast Magazine

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• Andrew H on Twitter
• An Assessment of Time/Temperature Combinations for Salmonella Lethality Achieved when Baking Cookies in Vehicles (IAFP 2016 Annual Meeting)
• Starch Gelatinization in the Presence of Emulsifiers. A Morphological Study of Wheat Starch
• Thermal Inactivation of Salmonella on Sesame-topped Bread during Baking Using High and Low Oven Humidity
• A Thermal Process Lethality Model for Low Water Activity Food
• Validation of Baking to Reduce Coliform Counts and Salmonella in Cookie Dough
• Low water activity refrigerated cookie dough - Google Patents

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of reusing marinade.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• marinade | Partnership for Food Safety Education
• Can you reuse meat marinade?

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating stinky sous vide.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼

Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

• How To Prevent A Bad Smell With Long And Low Sous-Vide Cooks – Stefan's Gourmet Blog
• Heat resistance of Desulfotomaculum nigrificans spores in soy protein infant formula preparations
• Food Safety Talk 79: You're Into Botulism Country (with Merlin Mann) — Food Safety Talk
• Effects of a novel three-step sous-vide cooking and subsequent chilled storage on the microbiota of beef steaks - ScienceDirect
• https://www.fsis.usda.gov/sites/default/files/import/Salmonella-Compliance-Guideline-SVSP-RTE-Appendix-A.pdf

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating pesto made with basil infected with downy mildew.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼 Professor Ben - risky ☣️

• Fresh Basil Pesto Recipe
• Downy Mildew on Basil | University of Maryland Extension
• Downy mildew disease promotes the colonization of romaine lettuce by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica