Into the Impossible With Brian Keating

Win Extraterrestrial Metal: join my mailing list 💥 https://briankeating.com/yt 💥 Mike is an astronomer and professor of planetary astronomy at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). His groundbreaking discoveries of dwarf planets like Eris, Haumea, and Makemake shook up the astronomy world and led to the controversial redefinition of what constitutes a planet. Why was Pluto actually demoted? And is there a hidden Planet Nine lurking in the outer solar system? As a treat for all my members, Mike has graced us with a lecture on Finding Planet Nine and his Journey to Redefine the Solar System. Don’t miss out! Check out our full interview: https://youtu.be/_uwEc48NI8E Additional resources: ➡️ Learn more about Mike Brown: 💻 Website: https://mikebrown.caltech.edu/ 📚 How I Killed Pluto and Why It Had It Coming: https://a.co/d/9jQp3nt ➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms: ✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list ✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast This channel is dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known. Make sure to subscribe so you never miss an episode!

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Brian Keating dives into some of the universe's biggest mysteries, from the search for extraterrestrial life and the nature of the Big Bang to cutting-edge discoveries from the James Webb Space Telescope. Joined by Young and Alive, they explore how scientific beliefs are constantly evolving, how astronomers confront existential threats like asteroids, and why a sense of wonder drives the quest to understand our place in the cosmos.

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What really happened during the controversy over the discovery of Haumea? Why was Pluto actually demoted? And is there a hidden Planet Nine lurking in the outer solar system?

I’m joined today by none other than the Pluto Killer himself, Mike Brown. Mike is an astronomer and professor of planetary astronomy at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). His groundbreaking discoveries of dwarf planets like Eris, Haumea, and Makemake shook up the astronomy world and led to the controversial redefinition of what constitutes a planet.

In this gripping episode of Into the Impossible, Mike opens up about the ethical challenges he faced in his career, including the Haumea data theft that caused a massive controversy, the truth behind the demotion of Pluto, and the ongoing search for Planet Nine.

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro 
• 01:26 How Mike killed Pluto 
• 03:50 Defining planets
• 08:48 Being an astronomer 
• 13:31 Controversy over the discovery of Haumea
• 29:56 The search for Planet Nine 
• 39:14 Balancing high and low-risk research 
• 43:43 Did Neil deGrasse Tyson kill Pluto? 
• 44:34 Planet Nine’s effects on the solar system’s evolution 
• 46:47 The relevance of exoplanets 
• 52:52 Outro

—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Mike Brown:

💻 Website: https://mikebrown.caltech.edu/ 

📚 How I Killed Pluto and Why It Had It Coming: https://a.co/d/9jQp3nt 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

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Dick Bond is a theorist who has helped reshape our understanding of dark matter, entropy, and quantum mechanics. Dick is a renowned astrophysicist known for his significant contributions to cosmology and the study of the universe's large-scale structure. He has worked extensively on topics such as dark matter, dark energy, the cosmic microwave background (CMB), and quantum cosmology.

As a treat for all my members, Dick has graced us with a lecture titled Entropy in a Coherent Universe: Quantum Information Flows in the Cosmic SuperWeb. Don’t miss out!

Join my YouTube membership to watch the full 90-minute lecture recording: Join this channel

Additional resources:

➡️ Learn more about Dick Bond:

💻 Website: https://www.cita.utoronto.ca/~bond/

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow so you never miss an episode!

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Brian Keating explores the buzz around a possible sign of alien life on exoplanet K2-18 b, discussing the detection of dimethyl sulfide—a molecule that on Earth is linked only to biology. He urges caution, explaining that while the findings are exciting and headline-grabbing, the evidence is not yet conclusive and scientific skepticism is essential.

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Could entropy and coherence change everything we know about the universe? How does quantum information flow in the cosmic superweb? And will quantum mechanics reveal our universe’s deepest secrets? 

Today, I’m joined by the one and only Dick Bond, a theorist who has helped reshape our understanding of dark matter, entropy, and quantum mechanics, to discuss how every aspect of the universe could be a result of quantum mechanics. Dick is a renowned astrophysicist known for his significant contributions to cosmology and the study of the universe's large-scale structure. He has worked extensively on topics such as dark matter, dark energy, the cosmic microwave background (CMB), and quantum cosmology. 

We also have a treat for you at the end of the episode, as Dick will grace us with a lecture titled Entropy in a Coherent Universe: Quantum Information Flows in the Cosmic SuperWeb. Don’t miss out!

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro 
• 01:29 Lecture preview 
• 06:42 Training the next generation of scientists 
• 10:59 Influences and early career 
• 15:18 The role of entropy and coherence in quantum mechanics 
• 20:41 Challenges in communicating science 
• 31:32 The multiverse and quantum mechanics 
• 36:22 The role of information in physical reality 
• 40:34 The Hubble tension and dark energy 
• 47:10 Outro

—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Dick Bond: 

💻 Website: https://www.cita.utoronto.ca/~bond/

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow so you never miss an episode!

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Andrew Huberman and Brian Keating dive deep into optimizing astronomical vision and the physiological challenges faced at high altitudes. Huberman shares insights on nose breathing, creatine supplementation, and adapting to extreme environments like the South Pole. The conversation also touches on eye health, offering practical advice for dealing with jet lag, light adaptation, and conditions like dry eyes and glaucoma.

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As a member of the Into the Impossible family, you get a special 20% discount on a subscription to The Economist. Visit their website at https://www.economist.com/Keating to get started.

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What is planetary computation, and why does it matter? Are humans and AI truly separate, or are we actually co-evolving? And how did we end up building a megastructure that’s quietly reshaping governance, knowledge, and power on a planetary scale?

Here to shed light on our evolving technological reality is Ben Bratton, philosopher of technology and professor at UCSD. Ben is the Director of Antikythera, a research program at the Berggruen Institute focused on the future of planetary computation. The program explores five core areas: planetary computation, synthetic intelligence, recursive simulations, hemispherical stacks, and planetary sapience. He is also the author of The Stack, a groundbreaking book that introduced the term “planetary computation” and mapped its political, social, and philosophical implications.

In our wide-ranging conversation, Ben explains how computation has evolved far beyond servers and algorithms to become an organizing force of the planet itself. We also dive into the future of AGI, the ethics of machine valence, terraforming Earth as a philosophical imperative, non-biological life, and how speculative design and planetary sapience might reframe humanity’s role in the cosmos.

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro 
• 01:02 Antikythera and planetary computation 
• 07:50 AI and the limits of computation 
• 18:04 Terraforming and the future of humanity 
• 19:55 The role of language in AI 
• 31:01 Planetary data centers and future energy needs
• 34:00 Techno signatures 
• 39:10 Science and philosophy 
• 41:09 The Stack: On Software and Sovereignty
• 45:52 Outro

—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Ben Bratton: 

💻 Website: https://bratton.info/ 

📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/benjaminbratton 

✖️ X: https://x.com/bratton 

📚 The Stack: https://amzn.eu/d/j80ENZW

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow so you never miss an episode!

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Prof. Brian Keating talks about the origins of the universe, the Big Bang, cosmic microwave background radiation, cosmic inflation, BICEP & POLARBEAR experiments, the Simons Array and the Nobel Prize!

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Bob Kirshner and Brian Keating explore the future of the TMT and GMT telescopes in studying dark energy and exoplanets. They also consider recent controversies in cosmology regarding dark energy and the potential for astronomical measurements of neutrino mass.

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What is consciousness? Will we ever be able to create digital twins of ourselves that are conscious? And can artificial intelligence ever truly experience consciousness?

Here today to enlighten us on these elusive yet fascinating topics is Christof Koch! Christof is a renowned neuroscientist and one of the leading figures in the field of consciousness. He is best known for his work in exploring the neural bases of consciousness, particularly in relation to the brain's structure and function. A key proponent of Integrated Information Theory, Christof is also about to release his new book, Then I Am Myself the World, an essential read for anyone seeking to understand humankind and the future we are creating.

Join Christof and me as we delve into the mystical and mysterious world of consciousness.

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro 
• 00:43 Judging a book by its cover
• 03:03 Defining consciousness 
• 05:55 Progress in understanding consciousness 
• 07:43 Integrated information theory 
• 12:42 Consciousness in non-human systems 
• 15:58 Meditation, psychedelics and dancing 
• 17:58 AI scientists and digital twins 
• 26:56 The perception box 
• 31:43 Quantum mechanics and consciousness
• 38:25 How to calculate phi 
• 44:01 Quantum computers and consciousness
• 48:00 Audience questions 
• 52:49 Outro  

—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Christof Koch:

💻 Website: https://christofkoch.com/ 

📚 Then I Am Myself the World: https://a.co/d/agleHRB 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

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Prof. Brian Keating and Fraser Cain discuss the evidence for the Big Bang and the impact of the James Webb telescope on our current understanding of the Universe!

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Are tech billionaires and politicians waging a war on science? Why is there a growing distrust in science? And has theoretical physics been intentionally sidelined to limit major breakthroughs? 

Here today to discuss the rise of anti-science are Avi Loeb and Eric Weinstein! 

Avi Loeb is a leading astrophysicist, professor at Harvard University, director of the Galileo Project, and founding director of Harvard’s Black Hole Initiative. Known as the alien hunter, he became famous for his bold and sometimes controversial theories about UFOs and extraterrestrial intelligence. 

Eric Weinstein is an investor, financial executive and host of The Portal. Though not an academic physicist, he proposed a unified theory of physics in 2013. He and his brother Bret Weinstein coined the term Intellectual Dark Web to refer to an informal group of pundits. Eric is a vocal critic of modern academic hierarchies and advocates for advances in scientific theory over an emphasis on experimental results.

Additional resources: 

➡️ Resources:

🛸 Galileo Project: https://projects.iq.harvard.edu/galileo 

🎙️ The Portal with Eric Weinstein: https://ericweinstein.org/

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Pique is offering 20% off for life AND a free Starter Kit with your purchase—that's a rechargeable frother and glass beaker to make the perfect cup every time. Just go to http://piquelife.com/impossible

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Are We Searching for Aliens the Wrong Way?

Historically, SETI has focused primarily on radio waves because they can travel vast distances through interstellar gas and dust with minimal absorption and require less energy to transmit compared to other wavelengths. This approach dates back to the 1960s, when astronomer Frank Drake conducted the first modern SETI experiment, Project Ozma. However, in recent years, optical SETI and infrared SETI have started to gain traction.

Here today to tell us everything about this new era of SETI is the remarkable observational and experimental astrophysicist Shelley Wright! Shelley is a Professor of Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Physics at UCSD. She specializes in designing and using astronomical instruments that make use of adaptive optics, with a particular focus on techniques involving integral field spectrographs. As a SETI researcher and instrumentalist, there is no one better to shed light on this topic than her!

Join us in our hunt for extraterrestrial life.

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro: Shelley Wright
• 01:26 Shelley’s background
• 02:19 Drake equation and life in the universe
• 08:28 Instrument development 
• 14:55 Optical SETI and Fresnel lenses 
• 16:49 SETI vs. radio listening 
• 20:32 Background contamination and protocols 
• 22:35 Ethical considerations and messaging aliens
• 23:57 Life on Mars and the origins of life 
• 27:57 UAP committee and conspiracy theories
• 39:08 Galileo Project
• 40:46 Final thoughts and advice 
• 45:21 Outro



—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Shelley Wright:

💻  Website: https://saw.physics.ucsd.edu/

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Pique is offering 20% off for life AND a free Starter Kit with your purchase—that's a rechargeable frother and glass beaker to make the perfect cup every time. Just go to http://piquelife.com/impossible

Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

Are tech billionaires and politicians waging a war on science? Why is there a growing distrust in science? And has theoretical physics been intentionally sidelined to limit major breakthroughs? 

Here today to discuss the rise of anti-science are Avi Loeb and Eric Weinstein! 

Avi Loeb is a leading astrophysicist, professor at Harvard University, director of the Galileo Project, and founding director of Harvard’s Black Hole Initiative. Known as the alien hunter, he became famous for his bold and sometimes controversial theories about UFOs and extraterrestrial intelligence. 

Eric Weinstein is an investor, financial executive and host of The Portal. Though not an academic physicist, he proposed a unified theory of physics in 2013. He and his brother Bret Weinstein coined the term Intellectual Dark Web to refer to an informal group of pundits. Eric is a vocal critic of modern academic hierarchies and advocates for advances in scientific theory over an emphasis on experimental results.

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Intro
• 00:00:29 The rise of anti-science in the US government 
• 00:24:38 Is AI training us? 
• 00:28:13 Is Oumuamua an object from another civilization? 
• 00:32:20 Fighting against the big 10 in physics 
• 00:42:32 The future of academia 
• 00:48:13 Immigrants in academia 
• 00:59:12 Lack of curiosity 
• 01:09:14 Geometric unity and grand unification 
• 01:14:44 Shelter Island III 
• 01:24:00 Outro



—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Resources:

🛸 Galileo Project: https://projects.iq.harvard.edu/galileo 

🎙️ The Portal with Eric Weinstein: https://ericweinstein.org/

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Pique is offering 20% off for life AND a free Starter Kit with your purchase—that's a rechargeable frother and glass beaker to make the perfect cup every time. Just go to http://piquelife.com/impossible

Is humanity on the brink of a cosmic breakthrough—or just chasing shadows?

Harvard’s Avi Loeb joins me for a mind-bending romp through the cosmos, UFOs, academia and the future of physics.

Avi kicks off this mind-bending Into the Impossible episode, diving deep into his Galileo Project and the hunt for alien tech. From Oumuamua’s eerie drift to UAPs defying physics, Avi argues we’re not alone—and the evidence might already be here. Are we ready to face what’s out there?

Together, we wrestle academia’s chokehold—NSA, DNI, CIA and FBI meets Avi’s Oumuamua data. Is this Einstein’s endgame—aliens or bust? Buckle up for a clash of cosmic stakes, contrarian rants, and big questions.

Stay tuned for Eric Weinstein and Avi's segment coming soon on The INTO THE IMPOSSIBLE Podcast. Make sure to rate and follow the podcast!

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Join Prof. Brian Keating as he delves into a thought-provoking conversation with Prof. David Kipping about the fascinating world of cosmology, focusing on inflation, B-modes, and the thrilling quest for the Nobel Prize. Explore the highs and lows of scientific discovery, the allure of the multiverse, and the ethical intricacies behind groundbreaking research, all while examining how human ambition and curiosity drive the relentless pursuit of knowledge.

Don't miss this compelling exploration of cosmic mysteries and the dynamic challenges that scientists face in their quest for truth!

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Astronomers have detected strange gravitational forces pulling at objects beyond Neptune. Some believe these forces could be caused by an undiscovered ninth planet—but if Planet 9 is real, why haven’t we found it yet? And if it doesn’t exist, what else could be shaping the outer edge of our solar system?

Here today to explore this issue and reveal extraordinary new evidence of Planet 9, is none other than Konstantin Batygin, one of the world’s foremost experts in this field. A professor at Caltech, Konstantin specializes in planetary astrophysics, the formation and evolution of the solar system, orbital dynamics, exoplanet behavior, and the physics of planetary interiors and atmospheres.

In this episode, he not only breaks down the latest evidence for Planet Nine but also shares insights from his research on Jupiter’s magnetic field. Plus, Konstantin gave us exclusive permission to feature his lecture on these topics—an unmissable opportunity to learn from one of the best in the field!

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Audio essay
• 00:03:08 What is Planet 9 and why it matters
• 00:12:47 Perihelion distribution dynamics
• 00:14:17 The most unstable component of the Kuiper Belt
• 00:16:46 Why is it so hard to prove Planet 9? 
• 00:20:29 The Three-Body Problem 
• 00:26:57 Rubin Observatory and the search for TNOs 
• 00:30:42 Konstantin’s lecture on Planet 9 
• 00:43:32 The importance of Jupiter
• 00:52:41 The role of entropy on planetary formation 
• 00:56:04 Konstantin’s lecture on Jupiter
• 01:37:39 Outro



—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Konstantin Batygin:

💻 Website: https://www.konstantinbatygin.com/ 

📚 Publications: https://www.konstantinbatygin.com/publications

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr. Brian Keating joins the Drinkin' Bros Podcast with hosts Ross Patterson and Dan Hollaway for an engaging discussion on the cosmos!

The trio explores whether a Big Bang truly started the universe, revealing insights into the latest advancements from the James Webb telescope. The conversation takes a curious turn into the recent UFO/UAP phenomena with Dr. Keating sharing his thoughts on the skepticism surrounding UFO sightings and the possibility of alien visits.

Join Dr. Brian Keating as he unravels the cosmos with wit and wisdom!

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Is the key to understanding our universe hidden in its mirror image? Are the answers cosmologists seek much simpler than we think? And can we explain the origin of the universe without inflation? 

Here today to share his bold new theory is the renowned physicist and cosmologist Neil Turok. Neil, who specializes in mathematical and early-universe physics, is the Higgs Chair of Theoretical Physics at the University of Edinburgh and Director Emeritus of the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. Recently, he’s been getting a lot of attention for proposing a simpler, more testable cosmological model that replaces inflation with a CPT-symmetric Mirror Universe, explaining dark matter, cosmic flatness, and density variations without adding unnecessary complexity.

Join us as we explore this provocative new theory in depth! 

👉 ‘Cosmic Inflation’: did the early cosmos balloon in size? A mirror universe going backwards in time may be a simpler explanation by Neil Turok: https://shorturl.at/jr8kd

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Audio essay
• 00:17:02 Introduction
• 00:20:53 Going backwards in time?
• 00:26:26 Symmetry and broken symmetry in physics 
• 00:29:02 CPT symmetry and its implications  
• 00:37:56 Mirror universes and Sakharov conditions
• 00:41:43 Dark matter and right-handed neutrinos 
• 00:57:34 Lambda CDM model and inflation 
• 01:06:34 Conformal symmetry and Big Bang singularity 
• 01:14:06 Dimension zero fields and quantum fluctuations 
• 01:24:56 Anomally collection and standard model predictions 
• 01:32:24 Where do we go from here? 
• 01:35:03 Outro



—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Neil Turok:

📚 The Universe Within: https://a.co/d/5uzujNz 

📚 Endless Universe: https://a.co/d/aJo2yIN

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Prepare for an 🚨 Unveiling UFO Secrets with Nick Pope! 🛸

A dive into the unknown with Nick Pope—former UK Ministry of Defense UFO investigator turned global UAP expert! From government cover-ups to alien bases under the ocean, we’re asking the big questions.

Why’s SETI dodging UFO evidence? What’s the deal with Roswell and Lue Elizondo? Are we ready for first contact?

Nick’s got the inside scoop—don’t miss it! 🌌👽

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If we look back at the history of physics, many of the biggest discoveries were triggered by strange anomalies that sparked curiosity in the minds of great scientists. 

But how do anomalies drive scientific discovery? What are some anomalies that are currently reshaping our understanding of the universe? And are we on the brink of discovering new physics? 

Here today to shine a light on this fascinating topic is none other than Harry Cliff. Harry is an experimental physicist at CERN and renowned science communicator who recently published “Space Oddities: The Mysterious Anomalies Challenging Our Understanding of the Universe.” In it, he examines a catalog of weird phenomena that simply can’t be explained by our long-established theories of the universe.

Are these anomalies just accidents, or are they pointing us to new discoveries like they did many times in the past?

Find out in our exciting conversation!

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro
• 00:34 Judging a book by its cover 
• 02:25 From anomalies to discoveries 
• 05:03 Understanding sigma and confidence in science 
• 13:30 Muon g-2 and its implications 
• 19:18 Neutrinos and the search for new physics 
• 21:58 Hubble tension and the future of cosmology 
• 24:58 LHCb experiment 
• 33:37 The matter-antimatter asymmetry problem 
• 37:39 Harry’s gut feeling on dark matter
• 42:10 The role of anomalies in scientific discovery 
• 46:10 Black hole information paradox
• 46:57 The importance of skepticism 
• 49:13 Outro

—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Harry Cliff:

💻 Website: https://www.harrycliff.co.uk/ 

📚 Space Oddities on Amazon: https://a.co/d/eV4xhAv

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

How did Marie Curie go from being rejected by the French Academy to winning two Nobel Prizes? 

In this episode of Into The Impossible, Dava Sobel, author of “The Elements of Marie Curie,” takes us on a journey through Curie’s life, from having an angry mob outside her house to making revolutionary discoveries that would change the course of history. 

Dava Sobel is an acclaimed author with a particular talent for telling the stories of historical figures in science and highlighting the human elements behind their groundbreaking achievements. Through Sobel’s incredible storytelling, we gain insight into the resilience and brilliance of one of history’s most iconic figures. 

Join us as we explore how Marie Curie’s legacy still shines today!

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro
• 00:26 Marie Curie’s scandal and public backlash in 1911
• 02:07 Her wartime efforts creating mobile X-ray units
• 04:28 Judging a book by its cover
• 07:40 Marie Curie’s work on magnetism 
• 09:52 Explaining the names of the chapters
• 17:14 Curie’s success in breaking gender barriers
• 20:22 Dangerous misconceptions surrounding radium
• 23:10 Marie and Pierre Curie’s work 
• 29:15 The distinctions between physics and chemistry 
• 30:54 Galileo’s daughter and the human side of scientists 
• 42:26 Galilean moons and solving the longitude problem 
• 45:02 The Pope’s argument 
• 50:46 What’s next for Dava Sobel 
• 56:37 Outro

—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Dava Sobel:

📚 The Elements of Marie Curie: https://a.co/d/gEyX6qI 

💻 Website: https://www.davasobel.com/

📚 Galileo’s Daugther: https://a.co/d/fVkwQLW

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has been making headlines since its announcement. But what makes the telescope so special? How do astronomers create the captivating images we see online? And is the $10 billion gamble actually paying off?

Here today to invite us into the intricacies of the controversial telescope is none other than Richard Panek, an award-winning science writer who specializes in astronomy and telescopes. 

Panek is known for making complex scientific concepts accessible to general audiences by blending them with his excellent storytelling. In his latest book, Pillars of Creation, he tackled the JWST and detailed its story from the very beginning.

Join us as we dive into the telescope’s groundbreaking design, the controversies surrounding it, the remarkable discoveries it has already made, the science behind the stunning images we see, and what the future of astronomy looks like.

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro
• 00:29 Panic! at the Discs 
• 02:13 Hubble vs. Webb 
• 05:05 Judging a book by its cover
• 09:26 The discovery of dimethyl sulfide on Kepler K2-18b
• 11:27 Exoplanet detection and scientific goals 
• 13:33 Historical rhymes in astronomy 
• 16:56 The process and costs of running JWST 
• 21:21 Controversy around naming JWST 
• 28:25 How JWST images are made
• 37:43 Margin beyond the margin of error 
• 40:11 Assigning colors to infrared images 
• 43:26 The future of NASA’s giant observatories 
• 45:08 The 4-Percent Universe and what’s next for Richard
• 48:33 Outro

—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Richard Panek:

📱 Website: https://www.richardpanek.net/ 

📚 Pillars of Creation: https://a.co/d/d86haI5 

📚 The 4-Percent Universe: https://a.co/d/hBlWtol

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

Five years ago, I started this podcast from scratch. 

My idea was simple: create a platform to interview the world’s most brilliant scientists and make their genius known to as many people as possible. 

Since then, I’ve released nearly 500 episodes, interviewed some of the world’s brightest minds, and gained over 300K subscribers! I never thought it was possible, and I’m incredibly grateful to all of my guests and to every single one of you. Without you, this wouldn’t be possible. 

To celebrate this incredible milestone, I’m answering all the questions you left for me across different platforms and reflecting on this journey and the lessons I’ve learned. 

P.S. I also share a BIG announcement in this episode, so don’t miss out!

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro
• 00:42 The beginning of my podcasting journey
• 04:55 Reflecting on community building and limited reach
• 09:26 Why you should join me on Web 3.0 
• 11:00 Pleasing the algorithm
• 14:13 On theories of everything and publishing your ideas 
• 20:20 The existence of higher dimensions 
• 23:31 Thoughts on the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics 
• 25:59 What happens when things overlap? 
• 28:20 Big announcement!!
• 31:37 My biggest lesson on YouTube 
• 35:43 My favorite topics to discuss 
• 41:52 Appreciation comments 
• 43:44 Biology and astrobiology 
• 48:02 Roman Goddess of the CMB? 
• 49:43 Balancing fatherhood with having a podcast
• 54:01 Outro

—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Check out the videos mentioned:

🪄 Felix Flicker: The Magic of Physics: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJJGv-5Rk4I 

🧵 Brian Greene: The Truth About String Theory & TOEs: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpsxH7mOopM 

📚 What Is A Theory of Everything? Featuring Sabine Hossenfelder, Lee Smolin, & Eric Weinstein: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=saamEkrBZfM 

🤯 Stephen Wolfram: My Discovery Changes Everything: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-RO3vM10Ok 

🧬 The mRNA Breakthrough That Changed Medicine Forever with Nobel Laureate Katalin Karikó: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCq__JpieNQ 

🔬 Life's Catalyst: RNA with Nobel Prize Winner Tom Cech: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Y2knbUnpN0 

👽 Is Earth Unique? Mario Livio and Jack Szostak on the Odds of Alien Life: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IPUS-V6XX8E 

🛸 Aliens Existed (Now They’re Dead): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dl8N_aK_q0Y

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Can a "real" scientist believe in God? Physics professors Brian Keating and Michael Dennin engage in a fascinating discussion about the existence of God, exploring the intersection of science and faith. From cosmic origins to the nature of miracles, these two accomplished scientists examine different perspectives on religion, including insights from Judaism and Catholicism. They tackle challenging questions about the Big Bang theory, multiple universes, and whether scientific evidence can prove or disprove God's existence. The conversation features reactions to arguments from both William Lane Craig and Neil deGrasse Tyson, offering a balanced and nuanced exploration of one of humanity's most fundamental questions.

This inaugural episode of The God Question brings together scientific expertise and personal faith journeys, demonstrating how two physicists with similar backgrounds can arrive at different but respectful conclusions about the divine.

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Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

Can AI tools like ChatGPT actually "think," or is it just really good at mimicking human conversation? How much of what AI spits out is a reflection of our own ideas and intentions? And where's all this tech headed in the future?

Today, I’m joined by Terry Sejnowski, a renowned computational neuroscientist and pioneer in AI and deep learning. Based at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies and the University of California, San Diego, he bridges neuroscience and AI to explore how biological brains and artificial systems learn and process information. 

Terry is also the co-creator of the Boltzmann Machine, a game-changing algorithm that has shaped today’s​​ AI and is a foundation for modern neural networks. He has also written some incredible books, including The Deep Learning Revolution” and “ChatGPT and the Future of AI. 

In our conversation, we discuss the current state of AI, what’s next, the ins and outs of prompt engineering, the mirror hypothesis (how AI reflects us), its impact on productivity, and the ethical challenges we must tackle.

Tune in to discover the truth about AI!

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro
• 00:36 Judging a book by its cover 
• 07:05 The impact of AI on human capabilities
• 12:32 Einstein's happiest thought and can AI think? 
• 16:51 Can AI come up with something novel? 
• 24:20 The role of learning and neural networks in AI 
• 32:37 The future of AI and its potential impact
• 46:43 The mirroring effect 
• 50:52 Practical applications of AI 
• 54:00 Outro

—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Terry Sejnowski:

📚 ChatGPT and the Future of AI: https://a.co/d/cZnuZbs 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Jordan Peterson sits down with experimental cosmologist Dr. Brian Keating. They discuss the importance of awe for the human spirit, the fundamental ethos behind all true science, the idea of the useless genius, and the necessity of sacrifice for improvement of the self and the broader community.

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Could life exist on moons orbiting distant planets? Are We Alone? What if the key to understanding life's origins lies in the moons of distant worlds?

Exoplanetary scientist David Kipping is here to answer these big questions. He is a professor at Columbia University, the leading mind behind exomoons, and also the host of the Cool Worlds Lab.

He shares his groundbreaking research, including the discovery of Kepler-1708 b-i, a potential exomoon candidate. He explains why moons, like Earth’s, might be the unsung heroes in stabilizing conditions for life and how the latest tools, like the James Webb Space Telescope, are changing the game for astronomers.

But that’s not all. You’ll hear about the role of panspermia (yes, life traveling between planets!), the fine-tuning of our universe, and what it takes to push the boundaries of scientific communication.

If you’ve ever pondered the question, “Are we alone?” or simply love a good cosmic mystery, this is an episode you don’t want to miss. Tune in now for an eye-opening journey through the cosmos and beyond!

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:58 David Kipping's background and motivation
• 05:09 The role of moons in the origin of life
• 10:59 Bayesian frameworks and panspermia
• 19:30 Exomoon detection and research strategy
• 32:40 JWST observations and data analysis
• 41:14 Balancing scientific communication and public engagement
• 50:48 Future missions and their impact on exomoon research
• 54:49 Advice for young scientists and final thoughts 
• 57:32 Outro 

—

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about David Kipping:

📱 Website: https://www.coolworldslab.com/

✖️ Twitter: https://x.com/david_kipping

🔔 YouTube Channel: Cool Worlds Lab

✍️ Kepler-1708 b-i Study: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-021-01539-1

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

What are the current limitations of AI? What advancements do we need to achieve human-like intelligence? And how can we develop AI safely to align with our values? 

Here today to offer us an astounding look behind the scenes of AI development is Meta’s chief AI scientist, Yann LeCun! Yann is a pioneer in AI and a Turing Award winner who has been at the forefront of major breakthroughs in machine learning and neural networks. As the architect behind transformative AI technologies, Yann joins us to demystify the path toward human-level intelligence and the challenges that lie ahead. He also introduces the Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture (JEPA), a potential game-changer for enabling AI to model and predict complex real-world scenarios.

Tune in for a look into the future of AI!

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Intro
• 00:04:11 Is AI barely as smart as a cat?
• 00:08:50 Joint-Embedding Predictive Architecture (JEPA) 
• 00:30:25 Comparing self-supervised learning and dark matter 
• 00:39:23 AGI and human-level intelligence 
• 00:51:50 Preventing loss of control over powerful AI
• 01:02:45 Future of AI and education 
• 01:10:56 What was Yann wrong about?
• 01:12:14 Outro 

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Yann LeCun:

📱 Website: https://yann.lecun.com/ 

✖️ Twitter: https://x.com/ylecun  

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

Is Elon Musk’s plan to colonize Mars realistic? How does cosmic insignificance shape our understanding of humanity? And why do science and astrology clash so fundamentally?

Here to dive deep into some of humanity's most profound questions is none other than Neil deGrasse Tyson! Tyson, of course, needs no introduction. He’s a renowned astrophysicist, author, and science communicator who frequently appears in the media to discuss topics ranging from the universe to the intersection of science and culture. His charismatic style and passion for education have made him one of the most recognizable figures in the scientific community.

In this in-depth interview, we explore cosmic insignificance, Elon Musk’s Mars ambitions, astrology, our obsession with politics, social media, AI, journalistic integrity, and much more.

Tune in to discover what Neil really thinks about some of the most pressing questions of our time!

—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Intro
• 00:16:38 Cosmic insignificance therapy 
• 00:27:39 Judging a book by its cover
• 00:49:04 Debunking astrology 
• 00:55:15 Life on Mars and panspermia 
• 01:02:55 The giant-impact hypothesis 
• 01:09:04 Elon Musk’s plan to colonize Mars
• 01:23:45 Journalism, social media, and our obsession with politics
• 01:40:10 Audience questions 
• 01:45:02 The impact of AI on education 
• 01:51:02 Fusion ignition and its implications 
• 01:56:25 The great filter
• 02:02:03 Outro 

Additional resources: 

➡️ VVisit Consensus.app and Enter code KEATING at checkout for

40% off Consensus Premium for 2 Years or visit this link https://bit.ly/ConsensusApp

➡️ Learn more about Neil deGrasse Tyson:

📱 Website: https://neildegrassetyson.com/ 

🔔 StarTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@StarTalk 

📚 Merlin’s Tour of the Universe Revised: https://a.co/d/3cBz3m8 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

—

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

How should we communicate big ideas? How do science and poetry differ in their communication of knowledge? And can poetry enhance our understanding of cosmology? 

Today, I’m joined by the renowned theoretical physicist and author of the thought-provoking book “Origins,” Joseph Conlon. In his book, Joseph reveals the origins of our universe through two long-form poems. With his extensive expertise in cosmology and philosophical thought, he sheds light on how the language of science not only explains the cosmos but also inspires us to reflect on the deeper meanings behind the laws that govern it. We also dive deep into string theory, string theory alternatives, and the current state of physics. 

Tune in to learn more about the intersection of poetry and science!

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro
• 00:50 How science and poetry communicate
• 04:10 Judging a book by its cover
• 07:04 How can poetry enhance our understanding of cosmology?
• 08:26 Why are physicists condescending to art? 
• 10:35 Elements and structures in Origins 
• 15:27 String theory and string theory alternatives 
• 22:27 String theory, extra dimensions, and dark matter
• 28:12 The philosophy of science and science communication 
• 32:16 How AI is changing education and art
• 34:30 Whitman or Feynman? 
• 38:40 Joseph’s personal journey with physics and poetry 
• 40:49 Outro

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Joseph Conlon:

📱 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/joseph-conlon-338aaa23/ 

📚 Origins: https://amzn.eu/d/2hybmbq

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Get ready to embark on a cosmic journey with Jason Steffen, author of Hidden in the Heavens and one of the brilliant minds behind the groundbreaking Kepler Mission. This live episode of The INTO THE IMPOSSIBLE Podcast promises to be an unmissable masterclass in exoplanet science, filled with awe-inspiring discoveries, behind-the-scenes stories, and lessons that redefine our place in the cosmos.

What You’ll Discover:

🚀 The Kepler Mission’s Epic Journey: Learn how a team of visionaries overcame two decades of challenges to launch a space telescope that revolutionized planetary science.

🌍 Earth’s Place in the Universe: What have 5,000+ exoplanets taught us about the possibility of finding Earth-like worlds—and the uniqueness of our own planet?

💡 Breakthroughs That Changed Science Forever: From “hot Jupiters” to the unexpected diversity of planetary systems, explore how Kepler rewrote the rulebook on planetary formation.

👩‍🔬 Inspiration for Aspiring Scientists: Hear Jason’s advice for navigating uncertainty, thriving in collaborative missions, and turning curiosity into impactful discoveries.

🔭 The Future of Exoplanet Research: With the James Webb Space Telescope building on Kepler’s legacy, what’s next in the search for life beyond Earth?

Why You Can’t Miss This:

This isn’t just a podcast—it’s an educational experience for anyone fascinated by the cosmos, science, or humanity’s eternal quest to answer the biggest questions. Whether you’re a seasoned scientist, a student of the stars, or simply curious about our place in the universe, this episode will leave you inspired and enlightened.

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Will AI ever surpass human intelligence, discover new laws of physics, and solve the greatest mysteries of our universe? 

This week on Into the Impossible, I explore the potential and dangers of artificial intelligence with none other than Max Tegmark! 

Max Tegmark is a renowned physicist and machine learning expert who dedicated his career to uncovering the mathematical fabric of reality, proposing that our universe itself might be a vast mathematical structure and that we could be living in a multiverse of endless possibilities. His work goes beyond physics to tackle the transformative power and ethical challenges of artificial intelligence, an area where he believes humanity must tread carefully.

In the second part of our fascinating interview, we discuss the development of AI, the impact it will have on science, and our role in all of this. 

Tune in to discover if AI will ever surpass human intelligence!

Check out the first part of our interview, where we discuss his mathematical universe hypothesis, the search for extraterrestrial life, and AI’s role in science: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EFO5lzA_0Og 

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro
• 00:28 Is AI limited by embodiment? 
• 10:52 The challenges in AI research 
• 14:53 The role of regulation in AI development 
• 29:53 How AI is going to impact education and science
• 39:20 Do we need quantum computation for human intelligence? 
• 44:50 Fantastic final four
• 50:45 Outro

Additional resources: 

📚 Life 3.0 by Max Tegmark: https://a.co/d/d08r0FJ 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

What is time? Is it just a ticking clock, or is it something more profound? 

In this thought-provoking episode of Into the Impossible, Stephen Wolfram challenges everything we know about time, offering a revolutionary computational perspective that could forever change how we understand the universe.

Stephen Wolfram is a computer scientist, physicist, and businessman. He is the founder and CEO of Wolfram Research and the creator of Mathematica, Wolfram Alpha, and Wolfram Language. Over the course of 4 decades, he has pioneered the development & application of computational thinking. He has been responsible for many discoveries, inventions & innovations in science, technology, and business.

He argues that time is the inevitable progress of computation in the universe, where simple rules can lead to complex behaviors. This concept, termed computational irreducibility, implies that time has a rigid structure and that our perception of it is limited by our computational capabilities. Wolfram also explores the relationship between time, space, and gravity, suggesting that dark matter might be a feature of the structure of space. 

Tune in to discover the true nature of time.

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Intro
• 00:01:06 The true nature of time 
• 00:24:57 The role of computational irreducibility in thermodynamics 
• 00:30:07 The Ruliad and the nature of observers 
• 00:53:40 The role of gravity in the computational universe
• 01:06:27 Dark matter and the discreteness of space 
• 01:13:06 Paradigm shifts in science and technology
• 01:20:33 Exploring the cosmic microwave background (CMB) 
• 01:31:47 Outro

Additional resources: 

➡️ Check out Stephen Wolfram:

💻 Website: https://www.stephenwolfram.com/ 

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/stephen_wolfram

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

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Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

Can science, philosophy, and religion work together to address humanity's biggest questions? What lessons can the cosmos teach us about our place in the universe and the future of humanity? And how do we bring back that sense of curiosity that seems to have faded among professionals?

Here today to invite us into her daring quest to decode the universe’s secrets is the brilliant Kelsey Johnson. Kelsey is an accomplished astronomer, professor, and science communicator known for her groundbreaking work in astrophysics and her unique approach to blending science with philosophy and existential inquiry. She is a faculty member at the University of Virginia, where she has made significant contributions to the understanding of starburst galaxies, molecular clouds, and magnetic fields in the universe. Kelsey also founded the Dark Skies, Bright Kids program, which introduces rural communities to the wonders of astronomy. 

Tune in to learn more about curiosity, the intersection of science and philosophy, and the universe’s mysteries. 

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Intro
• 00:13:06 What inspired Kelsey to write Into the Unknown 
• 00:16:23 Why scientists lose their curiosity 
• 00:18:33 Judging a book by its cover
• 00:24:18 Balancing science and philosophy 
• 00:31:55 The role of religion in understanding science
• 00:37:21 The cosmic marshmallow test 
• 00:47:04 Dark Skies, Bright Kids
• 00:50:53 The Fermi paradox and the search for extraterrestrial life
• 01:00:55 Changing perspectives in cosmology 
• 01:05:48 Starburst galaxies
• 01:08:03 Molecular clouds and feedback 
• 01:10:38 Magnetic fields 
• 01:12:59 Arthur C Clarke’s three laws
• 01:19:31 Outro

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Kelsey Johnson: 

📚 Get Into the Unknown on Amazon: https://a.co/d/5XW0bmG 

✖️ Follow Kelsey on Twitter: https://x.com/ProfKelsey

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

Simulations today are powerful tools for exploring the mysteries of our universe, but how close can they come to replicating reality? Can we recreate everything through simulations, or are there limits we can’t overcome? And how do today’s powerful simulations shape our understanding of everything from galaxies to climate change?

Here today, to answer all of these questions and more, is none other than Andrew Pontzen. Andrew is a cosmologist and professor known for his expertise in using computer simulations to understand the universe. He’s the author of The Universe in a Box, where he unpacks the complexities of cosmic simulations and their surprising limitations. Pontzen’s work is at the cutting edge of how we model and predict phenomena ranging from galaxy formation to climate change, bridging theoretical physics with practical, big-picture questions about reality.

As we head toward an era where simulations and AI are central to scientific discovery, these questions are more important than ever. 

Tune in to learn about the power and limitations of simulation! 

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro
• 00:44 Is it possible to simulate reality? 
• 04:49 Early simulation experiments 
• 10:30 Fluid dynamics and weather simulations 
• 13:51 Judging a book by its cover 
• 16:01 End of the universe
• 19:13 Cosmic microwave background and spinning universes
• 24:11 Verification and validation
• 27:34 Big Bang controversy and the JWST
• 31:35 Galaxy simulations 
• 42:23 Multiverse and quantum computing 
• 48:58 Ethics and energy impact of high-performance computing
• 55:34 Outro

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Andrew: 

📚 Get The Universe in a Box: https://a.co/d/2V7vuFR 

✖️ Follow Andrew on Twitter: https://x.com/apontzen

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

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Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

Is reality fundamentally mathematical? Is our universe just one of many? And will we ever discover extraterrestrial life? 

This week on Into the Impossible, I sit down with renowned physicist and machine learning expert Max Tegmark to discuss some of the most fundamental questions of our time! Tegmark has dedicated his career to uncovering the mathematical fabric of reality, proposing that our universe itself might be a vast mathematical structure and that we could be living in a multiverse of endless possibilities. His work goes beyond physics to tackle the transformative power and ethical challenges of artificial intelligence, an area where he believes humanity must tread carefully.

In the first part of this mind-bending interview, we discuss his mathematical universe hypothesis, the search for extraterrestrial life, and AI’s role in science. Tune in!

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro
• 00:49 The multiverse and mathematical structures 
• 02:33 Theory of inflation and the multiverse
• 06:52 Levels of multiverses and mathematical structures 
• 11:19 Quantum mechanics and classical mechanics
• 14:21 The relationship between theory and experiment  
• 21:48 The search for extraterrestrial life 
• 37:15 UFOs and military surveillance technology 
• 41:19 Outro

Additional resources: 

📚 Our Mathematical Universe by Max Tegmark: https://a.co/d/03qjhLD 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

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Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

What if the secret to saving millions of lives was hidden for years—overlooked, dismissed, and even rejected?

That’s the story behind the groundbreaking mRNA technology used in COVID-19 vaccines.

Today’s remarkable guest, Dr. Katalin Karikó—a Nobel laureate whose persistence and vision changed the course of medical history—shares how she overcame countless setbacks to drive one of the biggest breakthroughs in modern medicine.

Discover how a humble butcher’s daughter from Hungary developed the foundation for the COVID-19 vaccine and why mRNA could hold the key to curing cancer and other deadly diseases.

Tune in to learn more about the mRNA revolution that almost didn’t happen!

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Intro
• 00:01:06 Origin of the Hungarian phrase “Marslahok”
• 00:02:11 Judging a book by its cover
• 00:05:40 The definition of life and extraterrestrial life 
• 00:09:28 Katalin’s early life and scientific curiosity 
• 00:18:00 Understanding RNA and mRNA
• 00:24:43 Development of the COVID vaccine
• 00:28:44 The COVID vaccine controversy 
• 00:35:41 Overcoming adversity and advice for young scientists 
• 00:54:10 The future of mRNA research and dealing with pandemics 
• 01:01:08 What was Katalin wrong about?
• 01:02:15 Outro

Additional resources: 

📚 Get “Breaking Through: My Life in Science” by Dr. Katalin Karikó: https://a.co/d/cZjaFCw 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

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Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

Is Earth truly one of a kind? 

This question has fascinated humans for decades, and with today's advanced technology, we're finally able to explore it scientifically. In this episode, renowned astrophysicist Josh Winn joins us to discuss the fascinating world of exoplanets, planetary systems, and the quest to discover other habitable planets.

Josh shares the latest breakthroughs in exoplanet research, from unexpected discoveries like hot Jupiters to the ongoing efforts to detect Earth-like planets around distant stars. He also explores the challenges of studying planets light-years away and the exciting future missions that could reveal more about the universe beyond our solar system. 

Tune in to learn more about exoplanets and life beyond our solar system!

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Intro
• 00:00:34 Rare Earth Hypothesis 
• 00:06:04 The role of stars in exoplanet habitability 
• 00:13:23 Judging a book by its cover 
• 00:16:50 Could aliens detect Tokyo? 
• 00:19:42 The Habitable Worlds Observatory 
• 00:22:06 Methods for detecting exoplanets 
• 00:25:21 The lazy method 
• 00:30:03 Avi Loeb and Oumuamua
• 00:36:08 The nuts and bolts of Josh's work 
• 00:44:29 The role of technology in detecting exoplanets 
• 00:52:48 Why should young people be interested in exoplanets?
• 00:57:22 Outro

Additional resources: 

📚 Get The Little Book of Exoplanets by Josh Winn: https://a.co/d/9PK4XFV 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

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Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

Have you ever looked up at the night sky and wondered if your eyes were enough to capture all it has to offer? Spoiler alert: They’re not!

While our eyes are absolutely amazing, they are also full of flaws. Nearsightedness, astigmatism, and even pesky floaters! But did you know these same flaws are mirrored in the world’s most advanced telescopes?

In this episode, I discuss common eye deficiencies and explain how they affect our ability to observe the stars. I compare them to the optical imperfections in telescopes, such as chromatic and spherical aberration. 

Tune in to learn more about nature’s first telescopes! 

This episode is part 2 of a series where we’ll uncover even more intriguing insights about the connections between our eyes and telescopes, so stay tuned!

Check out part 1: https://youtu.be/lSbyohV1XSE

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro 
• 01:29 Deficiencies of the human eye
• 05:42 Deficiencies in telescopes 
• 13:59 Conclusion 
• 15:37 Outro

Additional resources: 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

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What are the leading theories of everything, and are we any closer to discovering the one true theory of everything?

In this 90-minute summit, some of the world’s top physicists—Max Tegmark, James Beacham, Stephon Alexander—go beyond the hype to explore the very heart of physics. 

Einstein began the monumental task of unifying quantum mechanics with general relativity, but will we ever succeed in unifying all the forces of the universe? Can it be done? If so, when?

Join us for this thought-provoking discussion and find out!

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Intro 
• 00:00:45 What is a theory of everything?
• 00:05:25 State of the field and personal perspectives 
• 00:20:42 Experimental challenges 
• 00:34:13 Mathematical foundations, the multiverse, and theoretical beauty 
• 01:05:12 Where do we go from here?
• 01:14:23 Audience questions
• 01:25:35 Outro

Additional resources: 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://x.com/DrBrianKeating

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast

✨ Member's only playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUMOmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/list to win a meteorite 💥

How can embracing mistakes, challenging common assumptions, and daring to be wrong lead to groundbreaking discoveries in cosmology?

Here to talk about why being wrong might actually be a good thing is the legendary astrophysicist Rocky Kolb. Rocky, a professor at the University of Chicago, is known for his work on the early universe and dark matter.

With decades of experience under his belt, Rocky explains the tricky balance between confidence and humility in science.

Tune in to learn more about the interplay of ego, humility, and science!

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro 
• 01:55 Judging a book by its cover
• 04:29 Humility, ego and science
• 14:50 Controversies in cosmology
• 21:06 Neutrinos and dark matter
• 24:26 The role of data in cosmology
• 35:46 Ethics and responsibility in science 
• 43:48 Arthur C Clarke questions 
• 48:01 Outro 

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Rocky Kolb: 

📚 Blind Watcher Of The Sky: https://a.co/d/aw0qZDt 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Have you ever wondered how your eyes compare to a telescope? 

The answer is more surprising than you might think! Today, we will look at the fascinating parallels between the human eye and one of the most powerful astronomical instruments - the telescope. 

From lenses and apertures to light detection and color vision, we will explore how these two systems, one biological and the other mechanical, have strikingly similar properties. 

Tune in to learn more about how nature's best telescope matches up with cutting-edge technology.

This episode is part 1 of a series where we’ll uncover even more intriguing insights about the connections between our eyes and telescopes, so stay tuned!

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro 
• 01:29 How telescopes inspired me as a kid
• 06:24 Comparing the anatomy of the human eye to a telescope
• 12:51 Light sensitivity and resolution in the human eye 
• 17:23 Color vision and polarization 
• 21:03 Historical contributions and confirmation bias
• 25:41 How to improve our astronomical observations 
• 28:39 Outro

Additional resources: 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Can science and religion be reconciled to provide a deeper understanding of the universe? How do modern scientific discoveries, like quantum mechanics and cosmology, relate to ancient religious texts? And what role do consciousness and language play in bridging the gap between scientific knowledge and spiritual belief?

Here today, to challenge conventional narratives about the relationship between science and religion is host of the Young Heretics podcast, Spencer Klavan! Spencer is an acclaimed author and scholar specializing in classics and literature. He is known for his work on cultural and political commentary, often focusing on the intersection of Western civilization, literature, and contemporary issues. 

Tune in to discover ancient wisdom, modern science, and the long-lost link between the two! 

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Audio essay
• 00:24:31 Interview introduction 
• 00:26:10 Judging a book by its cover 
• 00:37:25 Reconciling the material with the immaterial 
• 00:43:31 The cosmological argument 
• 00:55:05 Is faith immune to falsifiability? 
• 01:05:31 Aristotle and modern science 
• 01:23:57 Audience questions 
• 01:34:26 Masculinity, conservatism and homosexuality 
• 01:41:16 Transgendarism, alchemy, and astrology 
• 01:52:44 Outro

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Spencer: 

✖️ Twitter: https://x.com/SpencerKlavan/ 

📚 Light of the Mind, Light of the World: https://a.co/d/fam2Tx5 

🔔 Young Heretics: https://www.youtube.com/@YoungHereticsShow 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating 

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list 

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/ 

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast 

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to follow/subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In 2022, I had the honor of delivering the commencement address at Brown University.

I used this incredible opportunity to talk about a personal hero of mine: Galileo Galilei. Galileo was a scientist like no other. He boldly challenged the status quo through his discoveries and relentlessly pursued the truth, even when persecuted for doing so. His journey offers timeless lessons for scientists today, especially for graduate students who will shape the future of science.

My goal with this lecture was to inspire the next generation of thinkers, and I hope it does the same for you.

Tune in to learn more about how Galileo set the gold standard for scientists.

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Intro 
• 00:02:06 My early days at Brown University 
• 00:08:08 Galileo’s legacy 
• 00:24:18 Losing the Nobel Prize 
• 00:40:48 Interstellar dust and mistakes 
• 00:46:48 My motto 
• 00:48:29 Audience questions
• 01:03:39 Outro

Additional resources: 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://x.com/DrBrianKeating

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1

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✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/

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✨ Member's only playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUMOmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is the cosmic microwave background (CMB), and why is it essential in cosmology? What role do instruments like BICEP and the Simons Observatory play in studying the early universe? And is the multiverse real? 

I had the absolute pleasure of discussing these questions with Dr. Hugh Ross, astrophysicist and founder of Reasons to Believe. 

In our conversation, Hugh and I discuss my research on polarization signals in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), focusing on my work with the BICEP, POLARBEAR2, and Simons Array telescopes. These signals are key to understanding the inflationary event that shaped the early universe. We explore how ongoing data collection helps us learn more about the universe’s origins. I also share a brief overview of my spiritual journey, from a Catholic upbringing to atheism and now being a practicing Jew with agnostic beliefs.

Tune in to learn about the infant universe!

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00:00 Intro
• 00:00:40 Understanding the cosmic microwave background (CMB) 
• 00:11:30 Cutting-edge technology, precision cosmology, and the inflation hypothesis
• 00:33:36 The biggest challenge with inflation 
• 00:45:58 The role of the Simons Observatory 
• 01:00:15 Presenting our data 
• 01:02:47 Neutrinos 
• 01:07:43 Outro 

Additional resources: 

➡️ Check out Reason to Believe:

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@RTB_official 

🎙️ Website: https://reasons.org/

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://x.com/DrBrianKeating

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast

✨ Member's only playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUMOmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A few weeks ago, I released a video about whether string theory’s biggest competitor, Loop Quantum Gravity, might have suffered a fatal blow.

The video sparked a lively debate across YouTube, with creators like Sabine Hossenfelder and Phil Halpern making reaction videos and Carlo Rovelli even reaching out to me personally, asking me to take it down.

Now, I want to clarify the situation and share my perspective on whether Loop Quantum Gravity is truly on its last legs—or if there’s more to the story. 

Tune in to the Loop Quantum Gravity War!

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:02 My initial video on loop quantum gravity 
• 03:42 Quick recap of my correspondence with Carlo Rovelli
• 04:32 The problem with string theory and loop quantum gravity
• 09:25 Reacting to Sabine’s video 
• 13:11 My final thoughts 

Additional resources: 

➡️ Check out the videos referenced: 

🔔 Sabine’s video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZlHvW6k2bcM 

🎙️ Phil’s video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S5CzrLuCRS4

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://x.com/DrBrianKeating

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/

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✨ Member's only playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUMOmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Discrepancies between different measurements of the Hubble constant have caused a major crisis in cosmology. 

Our guest today, the incredible Wendy Freedman, is at the forefront of efforts to resolve this tension. Known for her pioneering work on the Hubble Key Project and her important contributions to the measurement of the Hubble constant, Wendy is now using the James Webb Space Telescope to bring clarity to this debate. 

With decades of experience and a deep understanding of the complexity of cosmic measurements, there is no one better to shed light on this issue.

So, can the James Webb Space Telescope help solve one of the biggest puzzles in cosmology?

Tune in to this episode of Into the Impossible to find out!—

Key Takeaways: 

• 00:00 Intro 
• 01:18 The role of JWST in solving the Hubble tension 
• 04:01 Comparing different distance indicators
• 20:45 Standard sirens 
• 34:05 Accurate cosmology vs. precision cosmology 
• 36:35 Vera C. Rubin Observatory and Giant Magellan Telescope
• 42:50 Wendy’s take on dark energy 
• 45:32 Outro 

Additional resources: 

➡️ Learn more about Wendy Freedman: 

💻 Uni website: https://astro.uchicago.edu/people/wendy-l-freedman.php 

➡️ Follow me on your fav platforms:

✖️ Twitter: https://x.com/DrBrianKeating

🔔 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1

📝 Join my mailing list: https://briankeating.com/list

✍️ Check out my blog: https://briankeating.com/cosmic-musings/

🎙️ Follow my podcast: https://briankeating.com/podcast

✨ Member's only playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUMOmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw

Into the Impossible with Brian Keating is a podcast dedicated to all those who want to explore the universe within and beyond the known.

Make sure to subscribe so you never miss an episode!

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices