This Week in Virology

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, then we discuss Bill Foege's letter to CDC director Robert Redfield, the false promise of herd immunity for COVID-19, secret blueprints for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine trials released, and neuropilin-1 as a possible entry protein for the virus.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Daniel Griffin

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• Excess COVID-19 Deaths by Age and Race and Ethnicity (MMWR)
• Excess COVID-19 deaths (JAMA)
• SARS-CoV-2 transmission (CDC)
• UK challenge trial (Nature)
• Inflammatory cytokine signature for severe COVID-19 (Nature)
• Death in AstraZeneca vaccine trial (Reuters)
• Herpetic Legion – Reactivation (YouTube)
• Tech position with Dr. Rosenfeld
• Biological safety officer position at CUMC
• Support MicrobeTV at Parasites Without Borders
• Foege letter to Redfield (text, NPR article)
• False promise of herd immunity (Nature)
• Secret vaccine plans released (NY Times)
• Neuropilin-1 and SARS-CoV-2 entry (paper one, two)
• Letters read on TWiV 675
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – Nikon Small World Photography Competition Brianne – Modeling Herd Immunity for measles Alan – Small Gods by Terry Pratchett Rich – Boundless Body Radio Bethany and Casey Ruff Vincent – The Twenty-One Balloons by William Pene du Bois

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Lisa joins TWiV to discuss her research on the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, including work on vaccines and an antiviral, then we review the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as a potential analgesic, and listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler and Brianne Barker

Guest: Lisa Gralinski

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• SARS-like bat CoV with potential for human emergence (Nat Med)
• SARS-CoV susceptibility loci in CC mice (PLoS Genetics)
• Combination attenuation for SARS-CoV vaccine (J Virol)
• Orally administered SARS-CoV-2 antiviral (Res Sq)
• Spike protein induces analgesia (Pain)
• Letters read on TWiV 674
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne – The Lonely Pipette Podcast: Mentoring with Harmit Malik Kathy – Dr. Boyd the Chemist one and two GREAT short videos one and two, How to read an old school thermometer, New Marvel storyline Wear a Mask parody of Be My Guest Rich – Clear+Vivid with Alan Alda Vincent – Immune 36: Aberrant immunity in COVID-19

Ryan – Dr. Fauci on politicization of pandemic

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, we debunk the Great Barrington Declaration, and discuss smell and taste changes as early indicators of the pandemic, vascular disease and thrombosis in SARS-CoV-2 infected humans and rhesus macaques, and the ability of the swine pathogen SADS-CoV to infect human respiratory tract cells.

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• Daniel's COVID-19 testing strategy calculator (and medRxiv preprint)
• US COVID-19 mortality rates (JAMA)
• Final remdesivir report (NEJM)
• Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 (NEJM)
• Tech position with Dr. Rosenfeld
• Biological safety officer position at CUMC
• Support MicrobeTV at Parasites Without Borders
• Smell and taste changes as early pandemic indicators (Nat Comm)
• Vascular disease and thrombosis in SARS-CoV-2 infected macaques (Cell)
• SADS-CoV can infect human airway cells (PNAS)
• Letters read on TWiV 673
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – The Age of Nature Brianne – Virologist, Immunologist, Science Communicator pins and Virus Earrings Alan – Sharks, Squalene, and a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Rich – 6th Annual Science Mill Benefit Vincent – The Evolution of Infectious Disease by Paul Ewald

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Ari and Kishana, two of the founders of Black in Microbiology, join TWiV to discuss the goals of the organization, then we review pauses of J&J and Lilly COVID-19 vaccine trials, preclinical studies of Regeneron's SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody cocktail, reinfection of a patient in Nevada, and listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler and Brianne Barker

Guest: Ari Kozik and Kishana Taylor

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Links for this episode

• Black microbiologists push for visibility (NY Times)
• Black in Microbiology keynotes (YouTube)
• Black in Microbiology
• Black in Neuro
• AstroKate rides again (and on TWiV 444)
• COVID-19 testing strategy calculator (and medRxiv preprint)
• Pause of J&J vaccine trial (STAT)
• Pause of Lilly mAb trial (NY Times)
• REGN-CoV-2 mAbs in animals (Science)
• Regeneron investor slides on mAb phase 3
• SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in US (Lancet Inf Dis)
• Letters read on TWiV 672
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Weekly Science Picks

Brianne - A Lab of One's Own by Rita Colwell Kathy – Endonym map Rich - "The Coronavirus Unveiled" by Carl Zimmer Vincent - Principles of Virology 5th Edition

Listener Pick

Les - Coronavirus cake Mary - Choir finds a way to sing

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, then Amy joins us to discuss the 2020 Chemistry Nobel Prize for gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9, continuing circulation of poliovirus in Afghanistan, inborn errors of interferon in patients with severe COVID-19, and listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit

Guests: Daniel Griffin and Amy Rosenfeld

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Links for this episode

• ASH guidelines on anticoagulants in COVID-19 patients (ASH)
• Followup of adults with noncritical COVID-19 (Clin Micr Inf)
• Tocilizumab in COVID-19 ICU patients (Lancet Rheum)
• Tech position with Dr. Rosenfeld
• Biological safety officer position at CUMC
• Support MicrobeTV at Parasites Without Borders
• 2020 Nobel Prize Chemistry (pdf)
• Progress towards polio eradication Afghanistan (MMWR)
• Inborn errors of IFN and serious COVID-19 (Science)
• Letters read on TWiV 671
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Weekly Science Picks

Amy - Coronavirus : A book for children by Kate Wilson and Nia Roberts Alan - Lost Prologue Rich -RAPS COVID-19 vaccine tracker Vincent - A Crack in Creation by Doudna and Sternberg and Sternberg on TWiM 184

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Kizzmekia Corbett joins TWiV to review her career and her work on respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, and coronaviruses and coronavirus vaccines, including her role in development and testing of a spike-encoding mRNA vaccine, and then we review the Nobel Prize for discovery of hepatitis C virus.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler and Brianne Barker

Guest: Kizzmekia Corbett

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Links for this episode

• Pre-fusion structure of CoV spike (Nature)
• Pre-fusion structure of SARS-CoV-2 spike (Science)
• Evaluation of mRNA-1273 in nonhuman primates (NEJM)
• SARS-CoV-2 vaccine from pandemic preparedness (Nature)
• Nanoparticulate universal influenza vaccine from stem antigens (mBio)
• Biological safety officer position at Columbia U
• Medicine Nobel Prize for Hepatitis C virus (pdf)
• Alter's work on non-A non-B hepatitis (paper one, paper two)
• Houghton: single clone of HCV genome (Science)
• Rice: Transmission of hepatitis C to chimpanzee (Science)
• Charlie Rice on TWiV 392
• Chemistry Nobel Prize to Doudna and Charpentier (Nobel.org)
• FDA releases stricter guidelines for COVID-19 vaccines (NY Times, FDA pdf)
• Bullet points of Das coronavirus
• Recovery of 1918 influenza virus stories (one, two)
• Letters read on TWiV 670
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Weekly Science Picks

Brianne - COVID-19 in Molecular Detail for Teaching Kathy – Mars shining brightest since 2003 Rich - Lost Prologue Vincent - Girl from Ipanema is weirder than you thought

Listener Pick

Sandra - Learn Medical Research

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin discusses President Trump's case of COVID-19, including the clinical course, the medications he received and why, and expectations for the next few weeks.

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Links for this episode

• Regeneron CoV-2 mAb cocktail results (Regeneron)
• Rethinking COVID-19 test sensitivity (NEJM)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, including a discussion of the role of vitamin D in COVID-19, Michael and Christopher explain why we have made all the wrong moves during the pandemic, evidence that the D614G amino acid change improves transmission in hamsters, and listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guests: Daniel Griffin, Michael B. Yaffe, and Christopher D. Barrett

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Links for this episode

• Regeneron CoV-2 mAb cocktail results (Regeneron)
• Vitamin D and COVID-19 (Lancet Diabet Endocrin)
• J&S Ad26 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine phase 1/2a results (medRxiv)
• All the wrong moves (Science Signaling)
• Trump main drive of CoV misinformation (NYTimes)
• Surgisphere scandal (The Scientist)
• SARS-CoV-2 D614G earlier transmission in vivo (bioRxiv)
• Das Coronavirus bullet points
• Letters read on TWiV
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson - Why we should all wear masks Brianne - Milestones in Vaccines Rich - Wallpaper/fabric designs by David Goodsell Vincent - Das Coronavirus bullet points and a new t-shirt

Justin - COVID Alert NY App | Department of Health

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Tony Schountz joins TWiV to explain the work of his laboratory showing that deer mice can be infected with and transmit SARS-CoV-2, and how his colony of Jamaican fruit bats is being used to understand their response to virus infections.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler and Brianne Barker

Guest: Tony Schountz

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Links for this episode

• SARS-CoV-2 infection of deer mice (bioRxiv)
• Infection of Jamaican fruit bats with MERS-CoV (Sci Rep)
• Immunological control of virus infections in bats (Front Immunol)
• Transmission of bat influenza viruses in bats (Nat Micro)
• Letters read on TWiV 668
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Weekly Science Picks

Brianne - Virus Masks Kathy – UV in the vineyards (video) Rich - Great White Shark Attack Vincent - Smart WiFi garage door opener

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, review of the phase I and II trials of the Russian prime-boost vaccine, a mouse model that recapitulates age-dependent severe disease, and listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit

Guest: Daniel Griffin

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Links for this episode

• Safety and immunogenicity of Russian COVID-19 vaccine (Lancet)
• 'Questionable' data in Russian vaccine results (Nature)
• Mouse model for SARS-CoV-2 ALI and mortality (Cell)
• Letters read on TWiV 667
• Letters to Humans
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Weekly Science Picks

Dickson - Rewilding Europe Alan - How to Do Nothing by Jenny Odell Rich - Gene drive engineered mosquitoes Vincent - TWiEVO 60 with 12 guests!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

David Brenner joins TWiV to explain how far-UVC lights could provide protection from SARS-CoV-2 and other airborne viruses in public places, solutions to face mask fogging, transmission during airplane flights, and listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler and Brianne Barker

Guest: David Brenner

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Links for this episode

• Far-UVC light inactivates viruses (paper one and two)
• Tips to avoid mask fogging (YouTube, article one and two)
• Funding for virus hunting
• Jonna Mazet interview (YouTube)
• Pandemic fake news (NY Times)
• Airplane SARS-CoV-2 infections (summary, article one, two, three)
• COVID-19: Wrong moves in wrong places (Science)
• Das coronavirus bullet points
• SARS-CoV-2 was not made in a lab (YouTube)
• Letters read on TWiV 666
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, superspreading potential of SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong, structure of virion glycoprotein of a commmon cold coronavirus reveals changes driven by prolonged circulation in humans, and listener email.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Daniel Griffin

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Links for this episode

• Increased risk for COVID-19 during pregnancy (MMWR)
• COVID-19 and community and close contact exposures (MMWR)
• COVID-19 clusters in Japan (Emerg Inf Dis)
• Eyeglass use associated with less COVID-19 (JAMA Ophthal)
• Superspreading of SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong (Nat Med)
• HKU1 HE structure and evolution (Nat Comm)
• Das Coronavirus summaries
• TWiVerse
• Letters read on TWiV 665
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

On this mid-week edition, does it matter that SARS-CoV-2 is mutating, seasonal coronavirus immunity is short-lived, another bogus claim that the virus was produced in a laboratory (it came from Nature), and answers to listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler and Brianne Barker

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Links for this episode

• Coronavirus is mutating (Nature)
• Seasonal CoV immunity is short (Nat Med)
• Sorry, no link to the fake science document!
• Letters read on TWiV 664
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, including vaccines, Alan summarizes a vaccine webinar on the most advanced US trials, a nidovirus from snapping turtles, longevity of memory B cells in recovered patients, and listener email.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Daniel Griffin

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• Young adults with COVID-19 (JAMA)
• Letter from Stanford professors on Atlas (pdf)
• National Adult and Influenza Immunization Summit
• Bugger, even the snapping turtles! (PLoS One)
• Memory B cell longevity in COVID-19 (medRxiv)
• Letters read on TWiV 663
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

The authors of the textbook Principles of Virology gather to reveal new additions to the fifth edition, including a new author, study questions, and a chapter on therapeutic viruses.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Jane Flint, Anna Marie Skalka, Glenn F. Rall, and Theodora Hatziioannou

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Links for this episode

• Purchase PoV 5e Volumes 1 + 2 (link)
• Purchase PoV 5e Volume 1 (link)
• Purchase PoV 5e Volume 2 (link)

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Ralph Baric returns to TWiV to provide an update on the COVID-19 resurgence in the US, monoclonal antibodies, antiviral drugs, vaccines, immunity and reinfection, reopening schools, and what will happen this fall.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler and Brianne Barker

Guest: Ralph Baric

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• Broadly neutralizing sarbecovirus mAbs (bioRxiv)
• Evaluation of mRNA-1273 in nonhuman primates (NEJM)
• Bioavailable broad-spectrum antiviral inhibits SARS-CoV-2 (bioRxiv)
• Mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 (bioRxiv)
• READDI
• Das Coronavirus summaries in English
• ChAdOx1 vaccine trial halted (NY Times)
• Impact of high frequency screening (medRxiv)
• Letters read on TWiV 661
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, then we discuss decline of virus-specific bone marrow B cells within a year after influenza vaccination, the push to release SARS-CoV-2 vaccines before completion of phase 3 trials, and absence of evidence for infectious virus in aerosols.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Daniel Griffin

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Links for this episode

• Convalescent plasma RCT (medRxiv)
• Multicenter RCTs on corticosteroids for COVID-19 (JAMA)
• Decline of influenza B cells a year after vaccine (Science)
• Be ready to distribute vaccines 1 Nov (WPRI and NYTimes)
• EUA during COVID-19: lessons (JAMA)
• Not evidence for aerosol transmission (one and two)
• Letters read on TWiV 660
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Christian Drosten returns to TWiV to provide an update on the COVID-19 situation in Germany, and general thoughts on testing, immunity, vaccines, therapeutics, epidemiology, reopening schools, and what will happen this fall.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Christian Drosten

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Links for this episode

• Christian previously on TWiV 601
• Plague percolation phenomenon (Nature)
• TMPRSS2 inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2 (Cell)
• Repeated infections with endemic CoV (J Inf Dis)
• Koch Institute SARS-CoV-2 reports
• Letters read on TWiV 659
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, then we discuss CDC softening testing guidelines, Moderna vaccine phase I results in older people, Abbott's $5 rapid antigen test, and reinfection with a distinct SARS-CoV-2 isolate, followed by listener email.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Dickson Despommier, and Rich Condit

Guest: Daniel Griffin

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Links for this episode

• CDC told to soften SARS-CoV-2 testing guidelines (NYTimes)
• Moderna investor presentation on mRNA-1273 vaccine (link)
• SARS-CoV-2 reinfection (Clin Inf Dis)
• Dr. Fauci talks with just about anyone (NYTimes)
• Letters read on TWiV 658
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Immunologist Shane Crotty joins TWiV to discuss the antibody and T cell responses to infection with SARS-CoV-2, followed by answers to listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Guest: Shane Crotty

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Links for this episode

• Ahead of the Curve by Shane Crotty
• SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes (Cell)
• Cross-reactive CoV T cell epitopes (Science)
• Knowns and unknowns about SARS-CoV-2 immunity (Nat Rev Imm)
• Letters read on TWiV 657
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, surgeons Lisa Smith and David Bruce detail how they have helped their Chattanooga community during the pandemic, then we discuss racial and ethnic disparities among COVID-19 cases, no more premarket review of laboratory developed tests by FDA; and emergency use authorization of convalescent plasma is on hold.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guests: Daniel Griffin, Lisa A. Smith, and W. David Bruce

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Links for this episode

• Racial and ethnic disparities in workplace COVID-19 (CDC)
• Rescission of guidances on laboratory tests (FDA)
• EUA on convalescent plasma on hold (NY Times)
• Letters read on TWiV 656
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Sociomedical scientist Robert Fullilove joins TWiV to discuss disparities in minority health; FDA announces an EUA on Yale's SalivaDirect, protection of the upper and respiratory tract of mice after intranasal inoculation with an adenovirus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 spike gene, and listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Guest: Robert Fullilove

Click arrow to play Download TWiV 652 (69 MB .mp3, 114 min)<>Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Health of racial and ethnic minority groups (CDC)
• COVID-19 death/hospitalization by race/ethnicity (CDC)
• Racial and ethnic disparities in workplace COVID-19 (CDC)
• SalivaDirect EUA (FDA)
• Adenovirus vectored SARS-CoV-2 experimental vaccine protects mice (Nat Comm)
• Letters read on TWiV 655
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19 and the convalescent plasma trial, then we answer listener questions about the Russian vaccine, choir practice, face masks (wear them!), Mina testing, transmission, and much more.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guests: Daniel Griffin and Chuck Knirsch

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• Daniel's recommendations for COVID-19 testing (pdf)
• Effects of convalescent plasma on COVID-19 (medRxiv)
• ESCV virtual meeting on COVID-19
• The Russian Vaccine (In The Pipeline)
• Russia's vaccine approval (Science)
• Letters read on TWiV 654
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Alfonso, Ken, Mary and Janet join TWiV to explain their modeling of school reopening strategies during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit

Guests: Alfonso Landeros, Ken Lange, Mary E. Sehl, and Janet Sinsheimer

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Links for this episode

• School reopening strategies (medRxiv)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Epidemiologist Adam Kucharski joins TWiV to discuss SARS-CoV-2, including R0, incubation period, herd immunity, asymptomatic infection, superspreaders, children as drivers of pandemics, and how this one will end.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Adam Kucharski

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Links for this episode

• The Rules of Contagion (Amazon affiliate link)
• Overdispersion in SARS-CoV-2 transmission (Wellcome Open Res)
• Sorrento Therapeutics test
• In vitro diagnostics EUAs (FDA)
• Letters read on TWiV 652
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, then former FDA Chief of Staff to the Commissioner Denise Esposito joins us to explain the challenges in approving vaccines, antiviral drugs, and diagnostic tests during a pandemic, followed by answers to listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guests: Daniel Griffin and Denise Esposito

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Links for this episode

• Template for at-home, OTC diagnostic tests (FDA)
• Postdoctoral position in Prasad laboratory (pdf)
• Rapidtests.org
• Masks are cool, Miasma t-shirts (CafePress)
• Letters read on TWiV 651
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In this mid-week episode of Earth's Virology Podcast, we analyze SARS-CoV-2 transmission among youths at a summer camp, adaptation to mice by passage, the importance of T cells for recovery from COVID-19, and listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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Links for this episode

• Travis County indicators dashboard
• SARS-CoV-2 transmission at an overnight camp (MMWR)
• Adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 in mice (Science)
• Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection impairs DC and T cell responses (Imm)
• Boulder, Columbia, Illinois rapid saliva tests
• Letter drafts for $1 testing
• Letters read on TWiV 650
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Weekly Science Picks

KathyBBC Witness History, Maurice Hilleman 9 minute audio (quotes by Paul Offit) "The fastest vaccine ever developed"And APOD Picture Rocks Sun Dagger

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Vincent visits Ohio State University (March 2020) and speaks with Shan-Lu, David, Amanda, Mark, Matt, Chris, and Qiuhong about their careers and their work on retroviruses, hepatitis C virus, coronaviruses, paramyxoviruses, and environmental viruses.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Shan-Lu Liu, David Bisaro, Amanda Panfill, Mark Peeples, Matt Sullivan, Chris Walker, Qiuhong Wang

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Links for this episode

• New virus requires international control (Nature)
• TIM-family proteins inhibit HIV-1 release (PNAS)
• Designing a HCV vaccine (Curr Op Virol)
• Attenuated vaccines for RSV in children (J Inf Dis)
• Plant histone reader suppresses geminivirus infection (J Virol)
• HTLV-associated malignancy (Curr Op Virol)
• Coronaviruses in pigs (Curr Op Virol)
• Marine DNA viral diversity pole to pole (Cell)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, followed by a review of the findings that children shed as much SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA from the respiratory tract as older patients, the lineage giving rise to SARS-CoV-2 has been circulating in bats in China for decades, and answers to listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Daniel Griffin and Chuck Knirsch

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Links for this episode

• Roche trial of Actemra for COVID-19 fails (Reuters)
• Postdoctoral position at RML
• Shedding of SARS-CoV-2 at different ages (JAMA Ped)
• Evolutionary origins of SARS-CoV-2 (Nat Microbio)
• Letters read on TWiV 648
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In this mid-week TWiV, children under 10 do transmit SARS-CoV-2, why hydroxychloroquine does not work for treating COVID-19, scale-up of diagnostic testing, explanation of LAMP testing, and listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

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Links for this episode

• Children do transmit infection (Emerg Inf Dis)
• NIH RADx initiative (NEJM)
• Rockefeller Foundation testing plan
• HCQ observational study (Int J Inf Dis)
• Can't kill HCQ (Science Based Medicine)
• HCQ does not inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in human lung cells (Nature)
• HCQ does not inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in nonhuman primates (Nature)
• Shut-down to stop SARS-CoV-2 (WaPo)
• Racine firefighters doing LAMP (Wired)
• LAMP (video, webinar, paper 1, paper 2)
• Letter drafts for $1 testing
• Letters read on TWiV 647
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Kathy - Vertical Farms Fill a Tall Order by Dickson Despommier and APOD Rich - Mars in 4K

Christiane - ZSK - Ich habe Besseres zu tun (Official Video) Drosten Jon - The Logic of Doomsday

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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From the NIH campus (recorded February 2020) Vincent and Rich meet with Eugene Koonin to discuss his theories on the evolutionary origins of viruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit

Guest: Eugene Koonin

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Links for this episode

• Virocentricity with Eugene Koonin (TWiV 275)
• Origin of viruses (Nat Rev)
• Multiple origins of capsid proteins from cells (PNAS)
• Origins and evolution of global RNA virome (mBio)
• Evolution of NCLDV of eukaryotes (Adv Virus Res)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Daniel Griffin provides a clinical report on COVID-19, followed by a review of the State Department document on the Wuhan BSL-4 laboratory, the report on infection of tigers and lions in the Bronx Zoo, and, answers to listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Daniel Griffin

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Links for this episode

• State Dept. memo on Wuhan BSL-4 lab (pdf)
• Biosafety levels (Wikipedia)
• Inside a BSL-4 (TWiV)
• From people to panthers (bioRxiv)
• Letters read on TWiV 645
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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In this mid-week edition, identifying flawed research before it becomes dangerous, Michigan governor tells America to mask-up, Pfizer mRNA vaccine gets $1.95 billion from Warp Speed, preliminary phase I/II results of the ChAdOx1 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, answers to listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

Click arrow to play Download TWiV 644 (69 MB .mp3, 115 min) Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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Links for this episode

• US COVID-19 cases (NY Times)
• Identify flawed research before it is dangerous (NY Times)
• Mask up, America! (NY Times)
• $1.95 billion to Pfizer (NY Times)
• Phase I trial of Pfizer mRNA vaccine (medRxiv)
• Phase I/II trial of ChAdOx1 vaccine (Lancet)
• Rockefeller Foundation testing plan
• TWiV 640 on MedCram
• Letter drafts for $1 testing
• Letters read on TWiV 644
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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From the NIH campus (recorded February 2019) Vincent and Rich meet with Bernie Moss to hear about his training and his remarkable 50-year-plus career working on poxviruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit

Guest: Bernie Moss

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Link for this episode

• Reflections on Bernie Moss' career (JBC)

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Daniel Griffin provides a clinical update on COVID-19, then we discuss phase I preliminary results of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine, factors associated with death in 17 million patients, and answer listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guests: Daniel Griffin and Chuck Knirsch

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Links for this episode

• Travis County virtual Town Hall
• SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine, preliminary results (NEJM)
• Factors associated with COVID-19 death (Nature)
• Letters read on TWiV 642
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Dr. Anthony Fauci joins TWiV to discuss SARS-CoV-2 transmission, testing, immunity, pathogenesis, vaccines, and preparedness.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit

Guest: Dr. Anthony Fauci

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Dr. Fauci was previously on TWiV 219

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Michael Mina joins TWiV to reveal why frequent and rapid SARS-CoV-2 testing is more important than accuracy, how a daily $1 rapid test could control the pandemic, and why group testing works.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

Guests: Michael Mina

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Links for this episode

• Michael Mina on Immune 26
• White House bypasses CDC (NY Times)
• Test sensitivity is secondary to frequency and turnaround time (medRxiv)
• Group testing for SARS-CoV-2 (medRxiv)
• Consider the cycle threshold value (Clin Inf Dis)
• MERS-CoV spike nanoparticles protect mice from infection (Vaccine)
• CoV spike protein nanoparticles induce neutralizing antibodies in mice (Vaccine)
• Letters read on TWiV 640
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Vincent and Erling resume their discussion of virology Nobel Prizes, focusing on awards for research on tumor viruses, bacteriophages, virus structure, reverse transcriptase, hepatitis B virus, HIV-1, human papillomaviruses and much more.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guest: Erling Norrby

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Links for this episode

• Nobel Prizes and Life Sciences by Erling Norrby
• Nobel Prizes and Nature's Surprises by Erling Norrby
• Nobel Prizes and Notable Discoveries by Erling Norrby
• Nobel Prizes: Cancer, Vision and the Genetic Code by Erling Norrby
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Daniel Griffin provides a clinical update on COVID-19, then Viviana Simon joins to review serological assays developed at Mt. Sinai for SARS-CoV-2 infection, tracking the outbreak in NYC, and listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit

Guests: Viviana Simon, Daniel Griffin and Chuck Knirsch

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Links for this episode

• Serological assay for SARS-CoV-2 infection (Nat Med)
• Early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in NYC (Science)
• Seroconversion of a city (medRxiv)
• Immune response and PCR positivity of NYC cohort (medRxiv)
• Letters read on TWiV 638
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In this episode, approval of an Ad5 vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for the military in China, description and clinical trials of a Novavax vaccine joining Operation Warp Speed, prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain, shedding and transmissibility of the virus, and listener email.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

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Links for this episode

• China approves COVID-19 vaccine for military (CNN)
• Ad5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine phase I results (Lancet)
• US pays $1.6 billion for Novavax vaccine (NY Times)
• CEPI awards $388 million to Novavax (Novavax)
• HHS on Novavax vaccine (HHS)
• Novavax phase I/II trials (GlobeNewswire)
• Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain (Lancet)
• Shedding and transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 (Nature)
• Letters read on TWiV 637
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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From Georgia State University, Vincent speaks with Chris, Andrew, Priya, and Richard about their careers and their work on Ebolaviruses, rotavirus, and antiviral drug development.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Chris Basler, Andrew Gewirtz, Priya Luthra, and Richard Plemper

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Links for this episode

• Mutant Ebolavirus lacks virulence (Cell Rep)
• Blocking Ebolavirus replication by depleting nucleoside pools (Antiviral Res)
• Herd immunity against bad actor molecules (PloS Path)
• Bacteria prevent and cure rotavirus infection (Cell)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Daniel Griffin provides a clinical update on COVID-19, then we review SARS-CoV-2 shedding in children, how to resume school safely, the need for widespread testing and wearing face masks, and much more, including listener email.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guests: Daniel Griffin and Chuck Knirsch

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Links for this episode

• Infectious SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharynx of youth (Emerg Inf Dis)
• SARS-CoV-2 viral load by patient age (Hosp Charité)
• Viral load in children with COVID-19 (Emerg Inf Dis)
• Role of children in SARS-CoV-2 transmission (virology blog)
• Letters read on TWiV 635
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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TWiV reviews a new H1N1 swine influenza virus from China with pandemic potential, Ad5 vectored SARS-CoV-2 oral vaccine candidate, Operation Warp Speed vaccine candidates, FDA guidance on vaccine approval, and answer listener email.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler and Brianne Barker

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Links for this episode

• New swine flu with pandemic potential (BBC, PNAS)
• Oral SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate (ClinicalOmics)
• Operation Warp Speed (HHS)
• ACTIV (NIH)
• Development and licensure of COVID-19 vaccines (FDA)
• Letters read on TWiV 634
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

From DukeNUS Medical School, Vincent speaks with Ashley, Sheemei, Eng Eong and Dahai about their careers and their research on flaviviruses and sensing of viral RNA.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Sheemei Lok, Dahai Luo, Eng Eong Ooi, and Ashley St. John

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Links for this episode

• Dengue virus and endothelial permeability (J Clin Invest)
• Dengue virus morphological switch (PLoS Path)
• Symptomatic yellow fever vaccine infections (Nat Med)
• RNA recognition by RIG-I and MDA5 (Nucl Acids Res)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Daniel Griffin provides a clinical update on COVID-19, then we review SARS-CoV-2 infections in non-humans, vesicular stomatitis in Kansas horses, and answer listener questions.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Kathy Spindler and Brianne Barker

Guests: Daniel Griffin and Chuck Knirsch

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Links for this episode

• Dexamethasone for COVID-19 (medRxiv)
• Proning trial for COVID-19 (Lancet)
• Tocilizumab for COVID-19 cytokine storm (Chest)
• Global causes of death
• Vesicular stomatitis in horses (ProMedMail)
• Daily tests needed (Atlantic)
• SARS-CoV-2 infection risks
• Letters read on TWiV 632
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Vincent, Rich, and Brianne discuss a study estimating the fraction of symptoms and severe disease after SARS- CoV-2 infection, cellular immune responses without seroconversion during interfamilial infections, and answer listener email.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

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Links for this episode

• Probability of symptoms and severe COVID-19 (aRxiv)
• Cellular immune response without seroconversion (medRxiv)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 631
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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From the Environmental Health Institute in Singapore, Vincent speaks with Director Lee Ching Ng about their work to control viral infectious diseases, including the controlled release of mosquitoes containing Wolbachia endosymbionts to inhibit viral transmission.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guest: Lee Ching Ng

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Daniel Griffin provides a clinical update on COVID-19, including analysis of the dexamethasone trial, and then we discuss two Ebolavirus outbreaks in DRC, clinical and virological aspects of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections, age-dependent effects on transmission, and answer listener email.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Alan Dove

Guests: Daniel Griffin and Chuck Knirsch

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Links for this episode

• Dexamethasone reduces COVID-19 deaths (U Oxford)
• Assessment of asymptomatic COVID-19 (Nature Med)
• Age-dependent effects on SARS-CoV-2 transmission (Nature Med)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 629
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Vincent and Rich discuss the SARS-CoV-2 D614G amino acid change in the spike glyprotein, duration of infectious virus shedding from patients, virus transmission among hamsters infected in the laboratory, and tackle listener email.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit

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Links for this episode

• Austin TX key indicators for staging
• D614 amino acid change (Scripps)
• Virus shedding in hospitalized patients (medRxiv)
• Hamster SARS-CoV-2 model (Nature)
• COVID-19 host genetic initiative
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 628
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

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Vincent visits the National Centre for Infectious Diseases and speaks with Executive Director Leo Yee-Sin and Consultant Nancy Tee about the main hub for both clinical treatment of infectious diseases and outbreak management in Singapore.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Leo Yee-Sin and Nancy Tee

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Links for this episode

• National Centre for Infectious Diseases
• National Public Health Laboratory

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv