PlanetGeo: The Geology Podcast

It's a good time to Buy Geoscience! 

Join Chris and Jesse as they kick off an exciting series on why it's a great time to be a geoscientist! They dive into enrollment trends, industry demands, and the bright future ahead for those passionate about rocks and the Earth. The discussion covers the evolving perception of geosciences, the decline in geoscience programs, and how upcoming events will create a surge in demand for skilled geologists. Whether you're considering a career in geology or just rock-curious, this episode offers valuable insights into the dynamic world of geosciences. Plus, don’t miss their personal anecdotes and a sneak peek into future episodes of this compelling series!

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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Join us as we tackle the rocky topic of field geology's relevance in today's world, sparked by a listener question from Taylor. We delve deep into whether mapping rocks and fieldwork are becoming outdated or if they still hold significant value. Chris and Jesse share personal anecdotes, debate the evolving landscape of geoscience education, and highlight the importance of diverse skill sets in the field. Get ready for a journey through rugged terrains, fascinating geological insights, and a spirited discussion on balancing fieldwork with lab skills!

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this exciting episode of Planet Geo, Chris and Jesse dive deep into the fascinating world of pudding stones! From the picturesque Hertfordshire pudding stones in England to the Roxbury conglomerate in Massachusetts, and finally the scientifically wondrous Lorraine Quartzite pudding stone abundant in Michigan. They discuss the unique geological stories each of these beautiful rocks tells and explore their origins, formations, and scientific significance. Plus, get ready for some rock-solid fun facts about the ancient landscapes and climates these stones reveal. Don't miss this riveting geological adventure that promises to be a conglomerate of knowledge and excitement. Let's rock and roll!

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode of Planet Geo, hosts Jesse and Chris have an in-depth conversation with Dr. Lee Kump, Dean of the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences at Penn State. In a chat that's more exciting than discovering a trilobite fossil, they explore Lee's profound career journey, paper citations thick enough to bury any rock hound, and his transition from groundbreaking geoscience research to becoming an influential administrator. Kump’s impressive resume includes over 130 published papers and groundbreaking work in Earth System Science, not to mention scuba diving in poisonous waters for fun. He also shares poignant stories about the importance of good leadership, inspired by his late father, and underscores the necessity for modern geoscience education to address pressing global issues like climate change. Buckle up for a conversation that’s as complex and layered as the Earth's crust itself!

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode, Chris and Jesse delve into the various 'ologies' within geology, sparked by a listener question regarding the differences between geology and geography. The discussion explores the evolution and rebranding of geology departments, their experiences with different specializations, and the significance of courses like mineralogy and petrology. They share insights into their favorite fields and ones they have recently grown to appreciate. Adding some humor, Chris calls his mother Joyce to get her take on her favorite 'ology.' The episode emphasizes the importance of a broad and diverse geosciences education to adapt to evolving scientific landscapes.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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Get ready to dig deep into the geological weeds with Dr. Jesse Reimink and Chris Bolhuis as they tackle the rock-solid debate about Earth's oldest rocks! Is the Ujaraaluk unit in Northern Quebec truly 4.25 billion years old? Or is it just a rocky mix-up? We meticulously break down isotope geochemistry, hydrothermal beauties, and field observations. Discover how extinct isotope systems shed light on our planet's fiendishly old secrets. Plus, we'll uncover the realities of cross-cutting relationships and metamorphic mysteries. Dive in, and don't get too basalt by the complexity!

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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Join us for an insightful conversation with Dr. Basil Tikoff, a geoscience professor at the University of Wisconsin. We dive deep into the intriguing and controversial 'hit and run' model of the Rocky Mountains formation. From structural geology to the battle of geological models, this episode covers groundbreaking research, debates in the geological community, and the complexities of understanding mountain formation. Don't miss this exciting interview packed with scientific exploration and discoveries!

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this enlightening episode, we sit down with Shawn Willsey to explore his journey as a geologist and educator. We discuss his impactful YouTube channel, where he brings the wonders of geology to a broad audience, how COVID-19 influenced his educational outreach, and delve into his contributions to seminal geology books like 'Geology Underfoot in Southern Idaho' and 'Roadside Geology of Idaho.' Shawn also shares insights into his teaching at the College of Southern Idaho, the processes behind his field-based educational content, and his plans for future projects. Join us for a fascinating conversation about the intersections of geology, education, and digital media.

You can find Shawn's website here with links to purchase his books
https://www.willseygeology.com/

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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Hold onto your rock hammers, folks! 📉🌎 In this episode, we're peeling back the layers (pun intended) of the Isua Greenstone Belt in Southwest Greenland. Tune in as we dive into debates about changing the name of geology classes, virtual Fight Clubs, and the complexities of Earth's ancient rocks. Could sediments, pillow basalts, and potential signs of life from 3.8 billion years ago hold the keys to planet Earth's past? We’ll examine graphite layers and supposed stromatolites (yes, those algal wonders), and their controversies. Geology jargon and some decent rock puns included! Don't just be a sedimentary listener—subscribe, like, and join us on this tectonic adventure. 🌋🔬

00:00 Starting the Conversation: Geology vs. Geoscience and Updates

04:06 Exploring Earth's Oldest Materials: The Isua Greenstone Belt

10:49 Understanding Greenstone Belts and Their Significance

19:24 Earth's Oldest Oceans

20:35 Supra Crustal Belts Explained

22:41 Debates on Ancient Life Evidence

25:14 Formation and Composition of Early Rocks

27:47 Controversies and Scientific Challenges

34:34 Comparisons with Modern Geological Sites

38:24 Concluding Thoughts and Future Topics

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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Quartz crystals are often the first example of minerals that people see, and are a source of inspiration for many a young geologist. In this episode, we delve into a comprehensive discussion about quartz, a major rock-forming mineral characterized by its durability and prevalent in various geological environments. Key topics include the physical properties of quartz, the formation and identification of its different varieties like amethyst and rose quartz, and the role of titanium as a temperature indicator. The episode also highlights the use of quartz in learning and its applications in understanding geological processes. Join us as we learn about this beast of the mineral world, Quartz! 

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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Here is a link to the paper we discuss in this episode:

In this episode, we talk about meandering streams.  Why don't rivers flow in straight paths?  As soon as a river flattens out, it begins to meander.  It’s these meanders that manage the energy of the water.  How?  They really do 2 things: 1- they increase the resistance (physics) and 2- they decrease the gradient.  Essentially, the river is changing itself to minimize the energy it expends to maintain a state of equilibrium.  We also get into some detail.  Meanders are not random.  They are directly related to the width of the river and also the radius of the meander curvature.  It's a really cool aspects to river morphology.  

We also talk about things that can start meanders.  And finally, we briefly discuss one of geology's more beautiful features - entrenched meanders.  We hope you enjoy!

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode of Planet Geo, we delve into the fascinating world of meandering streams. Join Dr. Jesse Reimink and Chris Bolhuis as they reminisce about their favorite episodes and explore the dynamics of meandering rivers. We discuss why they’re one of our favorite topics, from the patterns in geology to the intricate details of stream meanders. As we share personal stories and discuss the physics behind river dynamics, you'll gain a new appreciation for the beauty and complexity of meandering streams. Enjoy a blend of scientific insight and personal anecdotes that bring these flowing wonders to life!

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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n this holiday re-release episode of Planet Geo, we revisit our exciting conversation with Brenna Quigley, a geologist turned wine consultant and terroir expert. We discuss her unique career trajectory, the fascinating intersection of geology and wine, and the concept of terroir. Brenna shares insights into her work, how geology influences vineyards, and the impact of terroir on wine taste. We also delve into Brenna's personal journey into geology, her transition from mineral exploration to the wine industry, and her passion for educating others about the geological story beneath our feet. Join us for an engaging episode that unveils the hidden connection between the earth's geology and your favorite wine.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode of PlanetGeo, we chat with Dr. Stefanie Tompkins, the director of DARPA, about her incredible journey from geologist to leading one of the most innovative research organizations in the world. We discuss everything from her early passion for geology and the unexpected ways it prepared her for a career in national defense, to DARPA's groundbreaking advancements, including the surprising origins of the mRNA vaccine research. Dr. Tompkins shares her unique insights on the multidisciplinary nature of geology, the value of failure, and the thrilling yet intensive environment at DARPA. This conversation provides a fascinating glimpse into how geoscience intersects with national security and cutting-edge technology.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode we dive into the fascinating world of countertops, exploring the geology behind the materials commonly used in kitchens and homes. They discuss the different types of rocks, including granite, pegmatite, marble, schist, gneiss, quartzite, and even synthetic options like quartz and engineered stones. With their engaging banter and deep geological insights, they unravel the complexities of these materials, making it an informative and entertaining listen. The episode also touches on practical aspects of selecting a countertop, the massive scale and economic impact of the industry, and the processes involved in quarrying and fabricating these beautiful stone surfaces.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode of Planet Geo, we dive deep into the fascinating topic of the age of the Earth and how planets form. We talk about why the age of the Earth is estimated to be around 4.55 billion years and the scientific methods behind determining this age, dating back to the 1955 discovery by Claire Patterson. We discuss the processes involved in planet formation from the solar nebula, the role of uranium and lead isotopes in dating rocks and minerals, the impact of planetary events such as the formation of the moon, and why Earth's active geological processes make it difficult to have original rocks from its formation. We also compare the precision of dating meteorites with dating Earth and explore concepts like the nebular theory, melting events, and planetary isochrons. By the end of the episode, we hope to provide a clear understanding of the complexities and fascinating science behind how our planet, and planets in general, come to be and how we determine their ages.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode of Planet Geo, we dive back into one of our all-time favorite topics: the geology of sand! Join us as we explore why sand is not just beach filler but a critical resource with huge societal relevance. We discuss how different types of sand form from various rock sources and their unique geological stories. From the importance of river sand in construction to the fascinating characteristics of volcanic and biogenic sands, we cover it all while reflecting on why sand grains are as educational as they are small. You're going to see sand in a whole new way!

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode of Planet Geo, we dive into the fascinating world of carbon dating. We revisit one of our favorite topics, explaining how carbon dating works, its limitations, and common misconceptions. From the basics of isotopes and half-lives to discussions about its application in different scientific fields, we cover it all. Join us as we explore how this technique has become a crucial tool in understanding our planet’s history and debunking age-old myths about its efficacy.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode of Planet Geo, we dive deep into the fascinating world of Garnet. We discuss how Garnet can reveal geological history and conditions through its unique properties. We also touch on geochronology, specifically isochron methods, and how they help us understand the age and formation conditions of rocks. From sharing field stories to explaining complex geochemical processes, this episode is packed with information and fun. Join us as we explore why Garnet is such an invaluable mineral in the field of geology.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode of PlanetGeo, we sit down with Lauren Heerschap, the CEO of Brunton, to discuss her impressive and inspiring career journey. Lauren shares fascinating insights into her upbringing, her varied roles in geoscience, and the innovation behind the reinvention of the Brunton compass. We delve into the intersection of geology and entrepreneurship, her educational philosophy, and what it's like running a renowned American-made manufacturing company. Join us for an engaging conversation that uncovers the passion, challenges, and successes of a true geoscientist and entrepreneur.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode, we dive into the changing landscape of education, exploring our own experiences with nervousness, student engagement, and the evolving challenges faced by both teachers and students today. We discuss the balance between content mastery and life skills, the phenomenon of grade inflation, and the impressive qualities that make students stand out. Finally, we share insights on preparing students for life beyond the classroom and reflect on the remarkable capabilities of the new generation.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode of "Planet Geo," we delve into whether geological events such as earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, and extreme weather are becoming more common or severe. Through a lively and humorous discussion, including a guest appearance from Joyce!, we explore the statistical analysis of earthquakes over the past 35 years, concluding that large earthquakes are not increasing in frequency or severity. We also discuss the possible impacts of climate change on landslides and extreme weather events, the role of improved technology and social media in expanding awareness of these events, and touch on the intersection of geoscience with other fields like biology and planetary science. The episode is packed with insightful data analysis, relatable anecdotes, and a touch of personal banter.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode, we delve into the fascinating concept of hypsometry and its applications in understanding Earth's topography. We start with a light-hearted email from a listener, but quickly transition into discussing the principles of hypsometric curves. We break down how these curves provide insights into the distribution and stability of Earth's crust, oceanic and continental. Through our conversation, we explore the role of plate tectonics and erosion in shaping the Earth's surface, making this complex scientific topic accessible and engaging, even touching on classroom applications and educational tools.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode we engage in a lively conversation with Dr. Rachel Phillips, popularly known as GeoGirl on YouTube. Rachel shares her journey from resisting geology despite her geologist parents, to embracing it due to a chemistry class in college. She discusses her PhD research on ancient ocean chemistry and reveals her recent focus on geoscience education and communication through an NSF fellowship. With insights into her popular YouTube channel, survey findings on geoscience misconceptions, and upcoming projects, Rachel's passion for leveraging digital media to foster interest in geology shines through. Don't miss this engaging discussion that delves into the realms of geoscience, education, and innovative outreach!

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode, we delve into the fascinating world of geological sampling. We start with a humorous discussion on episode titles and then transition into the complexities of geological sampling, including personal anecdotes about our own experiences and lessons learned. We discuss the importance of sample size, statistical models, and challenges in the field, as well as the significance of detailed documentation and the emotional connection to our rock collections. We also touch on the joy of inspiring others with our passion for geology and the responsibility of archiving valuable samples for future research.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode of Planet Geo, we delve into the geology of the Michigan Basin, focusing on its formation, sedimentary layers, and economic significance. We discuss the concept of a self-fulfilling prophecy in basin formation, explaining how deposition and subsidence work together to create and deepen basins over time. We also highlight the unique characteristics of the Michigan Basin, including its sedimentary composition, evaporite deposits, and the role it plays in housing aquifers. Additionally, we share personal favorites among Michigan's rock formations and reflect on the fascinating geological stories unraveled through drilling and mapping efforts. Join us as we explore the complex and captivating history of the Michigan Basin.

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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In this episode, we delve into the fascinating topic of garnet eyes, discussing how these unique geological features form and what they reveal about the history of metamorphic rocks. We explore different types of reaction rims and depletion halos, breaking down the complex processes that create these striking features. We also share personal stories and insights from our own experiences with garnet formations in places like the Tetons and Gore Mountain. Whether you're a seasoned geologist or just a curious listener, this episode is sure to deepen your appreciation for the incredible stories rocks can tell.

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In this episode of PlanetGeo, we delve into the fascinating world of eskers, exploring their formation, significance, and economic importance. We explain how eskers, sinuous ridges formed by pressurized meltwater channels at the base of glaciers, provide crucial geological insights and serve as valuable tools in mineral exploration, such as in diamond mining. We share personal anecdotes and compelling visuals to illustrate how these unique glacial features reveal past glacial activity and help in tracing mineral deposits. Additionally, we emphasize the broader relevance of geology, highlighting the educational and practical applications of understanding geological processes.

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Dr. Jesse Reimink and Chris Bolhuis share their firsthand experiences and insights from recent fieldwork. The episode delves into their fascinating observations and discussions about various geological features, including lava inflation structures, such as tumuli and inflation pits, the stunning landscapes shaped by fjords in Iceland, and the deposits of eskers in the Northwest Territories. They highlight the importance of careful, methodical analysis in geology and discuss how to draw conclusions in the field accurately. Additionally, they emphasize the complexities and challenges of fieldwork, as well as the beauty and excitement of discovering geological phenomena in remote locations. The episode concludes with practical tips for supporting their work and engaging with further educational resources through their Camp Geo app.

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Dr. Jesse Reimink and Chris Bolhuis delve into the fascinating geological phenomenon of columnar jointing, sharing insights from Chris's recent trip to Iceland. They discuss the formation, size variations, and unique patterns of these striking hexagonal columns found in basaltic lava flows, addressing questions such as why they form, why some flows exhibit them while others don't, and the conditions that lead to different column orientations. The conversation also covers historical theories and modern understanding of the physics behind columnar jointing. Listeners are encouraged to support the podcast via the Camp Geo app and send in any questions they may have about the topic.

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In this episode of Planet Geo, Dr. Jesse Reimink and Chris Bolhuis delve into the fascinating and sometimes perilous world of landslides, focusing on a recent landslide known as the Big Fill landslide that occurred in the Teton Pass. They discuss the various triggers and mechanisms behind landslides, including the impact of water, earthquakes, and human activities. The hosts also highlight key historical landslides in the Teton region, such as the Gros Ventre and the Quake Lake slides, and explore the ongoing geological activity that makes this area particularly prone to such events. This episode is both timely and informative, shedding light on the delicate balance between human infrastructure and natural forces.

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In this podcast episode, Dr. Jesse Reimink and Chris Bolhuis delve into part two of their discussion on Earth's oldest rocks, specifically the Acasta Gneiss. They explore the origin, complex history, and significance of these ancient rocks, including insights from Dr. Reimink's PhD research which suggests an Icelandic rather than subduction zone setting for their formation. The conversation covers the challenges of studying such remote and deformed rocks, the iterative process of geological fieldwork, and the ongoing debates about their exact ages. They also discuss the logistical difficulties of accessing the Acasta Gneiss and the commercialization of samples.

Access this episode with images, and more, in the CampGeo app - download now at the link below!

Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series.
You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!

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Dive into the fascinating world of Mammoth Cave with Dr. Jesse Reimink and Chris Bolhuis in this episode of Planet Geo. From understanding the types of passageways formed by ancient underground rivers to exploring the intricate and beautiful cave decorations like stalactites, stalagmites, and flowstone, this episode provides a comprehensive and engaging look at one of the natural wonders of the world. Whether you’re preparing for a visit or just curious about subterranean geology, this in-depth discussion is sure to satisfy your curiosity. 

Don't forget to check out the additional images and resources available on the Camp Geo app for a more visual experience.

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In this episode of Planet Geo, Chris Bolhuis and Dr. Jesse Reimink dive deep into the geology of the Grand Teton National Park. They cover the park's ancient rock formations, from the Archean gneiss to the granites formed around 2.5 billion years ago. The discussion also explores significant geological events like the Severe and Laramide orogenies, the impact of the Yellowstone Hotspot Track, and the glacial activity that sculpted the dramatic landscapes of the Tetons. 

Get access to The Geology of the Grand Tetons on the CampGeo app now - link below!

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This episode is Part 2 of our Mammoth Cave series - where we discuss the geological setup that enabled creation of the longest cave system in the world. 

The geology of the region, including the Green River, set the stage for the formation of Mammoth Cave, the largest cave system that has been mapped. 

Stay tuned for our third installment on Mammoth Cave, where we discuss the cave 'decorations' or mineral formations. 

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This is the first episode in a series of 3 on the world's longest cave system - Mammoth Cave in Kentucky.  In this episode, Chris and Jesse talk a little about Mammoth and some of its impressive statistics.  The focus however, is more about the necessary ingredients for cave development in general.  We talk about the 4 general ingredients: suitable rock type, a solvent, hydraulic gradient, and time.  We also go into some detail on what each of these really mean.  We hope you enjoy.  In the next episode in this series, we'll talk about Mammoth specifics.

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In this episode, Jesse and Chris talk about the geology of Iceland - although we keep it at a high level.  We're going to come back to this - Iceland - later after Chris returns from his trip.  Then, we'll get into some of detail that makes Iceland so unique.  Here, we discuss how Iceland might be a prototype for the formation of continents and also talk a bit about the diversity of igneous rocks that make up the Island.  The diversity of rocks speaks to the diversity of volcanic activity.  We finish up the episode with a short discussion about what Chris is most looking forward to  and how the planning is going.  We hope you enjoy.

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Hardpan!  Where did this idea for an episode come from?  Chris has  been doing a ton of yard work lately and it’s not uncommon come across a layer when digging a hole that is next to impossible to penetrate. He has to bust out my pick axe to get through it.  It's  Called Hardpan.

• Really dense layer that often occurs below the topsoil.  
• Problems:
  • Roots can’t penetrate into the hardpan (Hayden Valley in YNP).  Trees are easily blown over if they can even grow here.
  • Water can’t penetrate so the soil layer above is easily saturated.
  • Safe to say that farmers and gardeners generally don’t like it.
  • Can even cause drainfield failure - creates an impervious layer
  • These are just a couple of problems - there are more.
• In this episode, Chris and Jesse do a deep dive into the geology of hardpan.  We hope you enjoy.

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Today we really go into the weeds.

Jesse and a colleague just published a paper in the journal Nature that proposes a new model for how continents became stable. Stable continents have all the granite at the surface, which contains all the heat producing elements like U and Th and K - elements that decay away.

Today, we discuss that paper in detail, and along the way learn a bit about the early Earth, what we know and don't know!

Here is a link to the paper, which is open access and can be downloaded by anyone without paying. 

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Today, Chris and Jesse get into a discussion about Earth’s oldest material.  Earth is 4.568 Billion years old.  First of all, that’s amazing the geochronologists have refined this down to 3 decimal places.  How do we know this?  The oldest grains ever found are 4.38 billion years old.  If that’s the case, then how do we know the Earth is significantly older than that?  Join us as we answer that and many other important questions about Earth’s oldest stuff.  

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In this episode, we tackle a listener question regarding planning a geology trip for students.  Both Chris and Jesse have quite a bit of experience in planning and executing field excursions for students.  We believe that seeing geology in the field is one of the most powerful learning opportunities for students of all levels.  In our discussion, we talk about the difficulties in convincing the higher-ups that this is actually a good idea.  We also get into some of the struggles in finding excellent teacher resources.  In the end, we get a little philosophical on the importance of getting comfortable with not having all of the answers.  We think that sometimes it's important for students to know that instructors don't know it all and together we can perhaps think about things different and come to new conclusions.  We hope you enjoy. 

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Download the CampGeo app now at this link.

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Join us as we have the honor of interviewing Dr. John Douglas.  Jesse and Chris have been following his research on how the Grand Canyon was actually formed for some time.  We have recently finished our audio-visual book on the Grand Canyon (Link above) and we have a chapter dedicated to the actual cutting of the Canyon.  The answer to this question has been elusive, but there are a few leading theories.  John has been leading the way on the Spillover Theory as a mechanism for carving the young Canyon.  It's a great geologic discussion and we hope you enjoy.

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The idea for this episode came from the comment section of a social media post.  It has it's roots in one of the biggest misconceptions in Geology and also Geochronology.  The comment was about radio-carbon dating and how it's been "proven" to be unreliable.  In this episode, Jesse and Chris have a discussion about the "toolbox" for geochronoligists and we also spend a lot of time talking about Uranium to Lead decay.  We hope you enjoy.

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In charge of the Nations Rock Collection.  That's a pretty sweet job description.  Join us as we have the honor of interviewing Dr. Mike Ackerson.  In this episode, we certainly get into some detail about igneous petrology.  Mike and Jesse are good friends and have spent some time discussing things that introductory geology classes take for granted.  For instance, there are some questions on the formation of granite.  This might seem ridiculous because this topic is covered in any intro level geology class, but there are some problems.

We also talk philosophically about geoscience education and scientific research.  In all, this discussion spans too many areas to summarize here.  We hope you enjoy!  

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