This Week in Virology

For the first TWiV of 2020 we reveal that microbiome depletion with antibiotics alters the immune response to influenza vaccine, and how successive blood meals facilitate virus dissemination in mosquitoes and transmission potential.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• ASV 2020
• Vaccines are safe and effective (Science)
• Microbiome perturbation alters response to flu vaccine (Cell)
• Successive blood meals aid virus dissemination in mosquitoes (Nat Micro)
• Letters read on TWiV 581
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Retrovirus cookie cutter! (and Phage, Adenovirus, Rabies virus, and Antibody Alan - "Yah! Yah! Yah!" by Jack London, and the true story it's based on Dickson - Why whales are big but not bigger Kathy - Dual Axis Illusion Vincent - The Fall of the Faculty by Benjamin Ginsberg

Suellen - Patient Zero podcast

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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From the University of Texas at Austin, Vincent and Rich speak with Chris Sullivan about his work on miRNAs encoded in the genomes of polyomaviruses and papillomaviruses, and how an RNA triphosphatase restricts hepatitis C virus replication.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit

Guest: Chris Sullivan

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• Sullivan lab
• Virus-encoded miRNAs in papillomaviruses (PLoS Path)
• Murine polyomavirus miRNA promotes viruria (J Virol)
• DUSP11 helps XRN restrict hepatitis C virus (PNAS)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Vincent speaks with virologists at the University of Nevada at Reno about their careers and their work on herpesviruses, arboviruses, and the development of diagnostics for infectious diseases.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Dave AuCoin, Cyprian Rossetto, Claudia Rückert, and Subhash Verma

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• PAN's labyrinth (Viruses)
• KSHV SOX protein DNAse activity (J Virol)
• Vertical flow immunoassay for pathogen detection (Talanta)
• Small RNA responses of mosquitoes (Insect Biochem Mol Biol)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Vincent speaks with members of Prometheus, a team of academic and industrial scientists assembled to develop antibody-based therapeutics against infections caused by tick-borne Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus and rodent-borne hantaviruses, for which no approved vaccines or specific drugs are available.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Kartik Chandran, Zachary Bornholdt, Steven Bradfute, John Dye, Matthias Forsell, Jason McLellan, Laura Walker, and Cecelia Vial.

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• NIH U19 grant mechanism
• $22 million Prometheus grant
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Vincent speaks with Félix Rey about his career and his work on solving structures of a variety of viruses and the insights learned about viral membrane fusion and antibody-mediated neutralization.

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• Unité de Virologie Structurale
• Tick-borne encephalitis glycoprotein structure (Nature)
• HCV RNA polymerase structure (PNAS)
• Flavivirus structural heterogeneity (Curr Op Viral)
• Antibody responses to flaviviruses (EMBO Rep)
• Covalently linked dengue envelope dimers (Nat Comm)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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From the 22nd meeting of the European Society for Clinical Virology in Copenhagen, Vincent speaks with Thea, Heli, Kim, Caroline and Irma about big data and its increasing use in virology diagnostics, epidemiology, and public health.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Thea Kølsen Fischer, Kim Benschop, Caroline Brown, Heli Harvala, and Irma Salimovic-Besic

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• 22nd ESCV meeting
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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From the Fourth Symposium on Giant Virus Biology in Germany, Vincent, Rich, and Nels speak with Assaf, Stephen, and Alexandra about their careers and their work on giant viruses that infect ocean hosts: Emiliana huxleyi, Aureococcus anophagefferans, and a choanoflagellate.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Nels Elde

Guests: Assaf Vardi, Stephen Wilhelm, and Alexandra Worden

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• 4th Ringberg Symposium on Giant Virus Biology
• In-plaque mass spectrometry imaging (Nature Micro)
• Infection by brown tide virus, AaV (Front Micro)
• Choano virus with a rhodopsin photosystem (PNAS)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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From Georgia State, Vincent speaks with economics professor Paula Stephan about the ways science is supported in the US, how universities offload risks, the absence of risk-taking, and much more.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello

Guest: Paula Stephan

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• How Economics Shapes Science
• Coalition for Next Generation Life Science
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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William Summers joins the TWiV team to discuss some virology history, including the ever-changing concept of 'virus' and the contribution of phage research to the study of animal viruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit

Guest: William Summers

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• Bill's ASV 2019 talk (PPT download)
• Inventing viruses (Ann Rev Virol)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Alan - Restoration of Western Flyer Rich - Purification of phage T7 RNA polymerase Dickson - The Galaxy is Not Flat Bill - Efficacy of tetravalent dengue vaccine Vincent - Blowout by Rachel Maddow

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Amy joins the TWiV team to review evidence that enterovirus D68 is an etiologic agent of childhood paralysis, and her finding that the ability of the virus to infect cells of the nervous system is not a recently acquired property.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

Guest: Amy Rosenfeld

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• EV-D68 antibodies in humans before 2014 outbreak (Emerg Inf Dis)
• Enterovirus antibodies in CSF of AFM patients (mBio)
• Serology implicates enteroviruses in AFM (Nat Med)
• EV-D68 neurotropism is not new (mBio)
• Letters read on TWiV 572
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Amy - Enterovirus biology and pathogenesis and Acute Flaccid Myelitis Association Rich - Tesla Dickson - Nikon Small World 2019 Photo Competition Kathy - Term limits in academic leadership #1 and #2 Vincent - Coywolf: New hybrid carnivore

Anonymous - Spill the Beans vaccinated shirts

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The League of Extraordinary Virologists celebrate the eradication of wild poliovirus type 3, and consider the effectiveness of an influenza vaccine produced in insect cells, and how small RNAs are protecting the Koala germline from retroviral invasion.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• Flublok (CDC)
• Adjuvant study of flu vaccines (NIH)
• Immunogenicity of quadrivalent Flublok (J Inf Dis)
• Monoclonal antibody response to Flublok (J Virol)
• Current flu vaccine recommendations (CDC)
• Double dose flu vaccine immunogenicity (Hum Vac Immunother)
• piRNA response on retroviral invasion of Koala genome (Cell)
• piRNAs rise to rescue Koalas (Cell)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 571
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - The Machinery of Life by David Goodsell Alan - Pomological watercolors Dickson - Wildlife Photographer of the Year Kathy - DiversifyMicrobiology DiversifyImmunology and Marmot becomes fox food Vincent - Burnet A Life by Christopher Sexton

Justin - Worm with three sexes

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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At Aarhus University in Denmark, Vincent speaks with Trine Mogensen, Søren Paludan, Ole Søgaard, and Madalina Carter-Timofte about their careers and their work on sensing herpesviral DNA, immunodeficiencies that predispose to severe viral infections, and the path to a cure for HIV/AIDS.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Trine Mogensen, Søren Paludan, Ole Søgaard, and Madalina Carter-Timofte

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• Aarhus University
• Findaphd.com
• Sensing incoming HSV-1 (J Int Cyto Res)
• Be careful of canons (TWiV 456)
• Polio and host genetics (Front Micro)
• TLR9 treatment of AIDS (AIDS)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiV pro-vaxxers reveal viruses that infect endangered wild salmon, and how iron in host serum modulates dengue virus acquisition by mosquitoes.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Brianne Barker

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• New viruses that infect endangered wild salmon (eLife)
• Host serum iron modulates dengue virus acquisition by mosquitoes (Nat Micro)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 569
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Retraction of new CCR5/lifespan study Alan - Nomad Press illustrated science books, and illustrator Lex Cornell Dickson - RARE: Creatures of the Photo Ark Vincent - The Odyssey of Eradication by Thomas Abraham

Justin - Mass spec pen Mark - What really brought down the Boeing 737 Max?

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Hosts: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Jan Albert, Petter Brodin, and Anna Smed-Sörensen

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• Karolinska Huddinge
• Evolution of enterovirus D68 (Virus Evol)
• Maternal anti-viral antibodies in newborns (Nat Med)
• Respiratory phagocytes in human influenza (Front Immunol)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiV team covers outbreaks of eastern equine encephalitis virus in the US and poliovirus in the Philippines, and explain how a chemokine induced by HIV-1 infection helps release more virus particles from cells.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• Poliomyelitis returns to the Philippines (Mashable, virology blog)
• EEE in the USA (Am J Trop Med Hyg)
• Chemokine helps HIV-1 release (eLIFE)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 567
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - History of infectious disease before/after vaccines Alan - NIH Ham Radio Club Rich - Renewable jet fuel from air Dickson - Newly Discovered Comet Is Likely Interstellar Visitor Kathy - How professors spend their time Vincent - Non-polio enterovirus surveillance network

Alexey - Periodic Table Podcasts and Videos

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiV team reveals the protein corona that surrounds virus particles and influences infectivity and amyloid aggregation, and a proofreading-impaired herpesvirus that produces quasispecies-like populations.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit

Guest: Kiki Warren

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• Human fetal tissue research restrictions (The Scientist)
• Viral protein corona (Nat Commun)
• Proofreading-impaired herpesvirus (Nat Micro)
• Phage quasispecies (Cell)
• Letters read on TWiV 566
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Alan - Astronomy photographer of the year Rich- Urban living leads to high cholesterol... in crows Kiki- Reversal of epigenetic aging Vincent- General Virology by SE Luria

Sindhu - Sweden Solar System Anthony- Surprising role of viruses in evolution with Eugene Koonin Paul- The Obscure Virus Club

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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From the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Vincent speaks with Niklas Björkström, Ali Mirazimi, and Matti Sällberg about their work on the impact of chronic hepatitis C virus infection on NK cells, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus vaccines, and immunotherapy to block entry of hepatitis B and D viruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Niklas Björkström, Ali Mirazimi, and Matti Sällberg

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• Karolinska Huddinge
• CCHV experimental vaccines (J Virol)
• Increased NK function after antiviral cessation (J Inf Dis)
• Impact of HCV infection on NK cell repertoire (Nat Comm)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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From the 16th Smögen Summer Symposium on Virology, Vincent speaks with Erling Norrby about how he has used archival material to provide insight into early Nobel Prizes for research on viruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello

Guest: Erling Norrby

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• Swedish Society for Virology
• Nobel Prizes and Life Sciences by Erling Norrby
• Nobel Prizes and Nature's Surprises by Erling Norrby
• Nobel Prizes and Notable Discoveries by Erling Norrby
• Nobel Prizes: Cancer, Vision and the Genetic Code by Erling Norrby
• Polio and Nobel Prizes (Ann Neurol)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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David Tuller returns to talk about his efforts of the past year to expose the methodological and ethical problems with the PACE and Lightning trials for therapy of ME/CFS.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guest: David Tuller

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Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiVologists consider whether to receive an influenza vaccine in August (in the northern hemisphere), and mice implanted with human lung fragments for studying microbial pathogens.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• Waning of influenza vaccine protection (Clin Inf Dis)
• Precision mouse models for microbial pathogenesis (Nat Biotech)
• Letters read on TWiV 563
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Why we need to increase diversity in the immunology research community Alan - Stock photos of vaccination that don't suck Kathy- Sample size calculator Vincent- How Economics Shapes Science by Paula Stephan

Melinda - Zome Tools

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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TWiV travels to Rutgers University to speak with Brad, Kay, Siobain, and Kim about their careers and their work on viruses of plants, fungi, bacteria, diatoms, and coccolithophores.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Brianne Barker

Guests: Brad Hillman, Kay Bidle, Siobain Duffy, and Kim Thamatrakoln

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• Viruses of plant-interacting fungi (Adv Virus Res)
• Why are RNA virus mutation rates so damn high? (PLoS Biol)
• CRESS viruses (Adv Virus Res)
• Coccolithovirus facilitation of carbon export in North Atlantic (Nat Micro)
• Silicon limitation facilitates virus infection of marine diatoms (Nat Micro)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The Autonomous CollecTWiVe reveal two effective treatments for Ebolavirus infection, how a virus in a fungus confers heat tolerance to a plant, and dampened inflammation as a mechanism for bat tolerance to viral infection.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Brianne Barker

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• Two new and effective Ebolavirus treatments (NIH, Nature)
• A virus in a fungus in a plant (Science)
• Dampened NLRP3-mediated inflammation in bats (Nat Micro)
• Bat tolerance to virus infection (Nat Micro)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 561
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Deaf student makes sign language terms to communicate science Alan - Show Your Stripes Vincent- Sixty Years of Discovery

Eric - This drug could end HIV - why hasn't it?

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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From the meeting of the Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance, Vincent speaks with Alan, Florian and Jennifer about their careers, the purpose of CEIRS, universal influenza vaccines, and cellular responses to infection in pediatric populations.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Alan Embry, Florian Krammer, and Jennifer Nayak

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• NIAID CEIRS
• 12th CEIRS meeting summary (pdf)
• Antibody response to influenza virus (Nat Rev Micro)
• Influenza virus CD4 T cells in children and young adults (Sci Rep)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The complete TWiV team give a report on the Ebola virus outbreak in DRC, and reveal that cell surface nectin proteins cause the transfer of cytoplasmic cargo, including measles virus, between cells.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• Fire Alarm at ASV
• Ebola outbreak sitrep(WHO)
• Ebola outbreak dashboard(WHO)
• Ebola outbreakDRC (MSF)
• Ebola articles at CIDRAP
• Ebola virus vaccine could run out(STAT news)
• Nectin mediated cytoplasmic transfer(J Cell Sci)
• Letters readon TWiV 559
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - DukeMed Distinguished Award: Bill Joklik Alan - Audubon photography awards for 2019 Rich - Joklik paper on vaccinia virus mRNA; Joklik MEM Dickson- Ghost orchid pollination revealed Kathy- Crocheted petri plates Vincent- Documents relating to history of ASV

Neva - What happens if we engineer a superbug?

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From ASV 2019 at the University of Minnesota, TWiV explores the origins of the American Society for Virology with Sid Grossberg and Pat Spear.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

Guests: Sid Grossberg and Pat Spear

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• American Society for Virology
• Bill Joklik, 92
• How ASV was founded (Virology)
• Signatures at the Chicago meeting (page one, page two)
• Timeline history of ASV (jpg)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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From the European Congress of Virology in Rotterdam, Vincent and local co-host Ben Berkhout speak with Ron Fouchier, Rosina Girones, and Marie-Paule Kieny about their careers and their work on influenza virus, environmental virology, and developing an Ebola virus vaccine during an epidemic.

Hosts: Vincent Racanielloand Ben Berkhout

Guests: Ron Fouchier, Rosina Girones, and Marie-Paule Kieny

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• ECV2019
• Drift of human H2N2 viruses (J Viral)
• Viruses in urban sewage (Sci Tot Environ)
• Ebola virus vaccine efficacy (Lancet)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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TWiV minus one reveals delayed neurological deficits in children without microcephaly born to Zika virus infected mothers, and N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid as a receptor for influenza A viruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• Deficits in children born to Zika virus infected mothers (Nat Med)
• Zika virus is still a threat (NY Times)
• N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid as influenza virus receptor (Cell Rep)
• Letters read on TWiV 556
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Foldable viral capsid models and Foldable models demonstrate T numbers Alan - Laws Guide to Nature Drawing and Journaling Dickson- NASA 50th Events Kathy- Alta Obscura's 17,069 strange and wonderful places Vincent- TWiEVO 44: The enemy of my enemy is my phage

Anthony - Global Water Pathogen Project

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From ASM Microbe 2019, Vincent, Brianne and Calvin meet up with Craig Cameron to discuss his career and his work exploring RNA-dependent RNA synthesis and single cell virology.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Brianne Barker, and Calvin Yeager

Guest: Craig Cameron

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• Cameron laboratory
• Curioscity podcast
• Ribavirin is an RNA virus mutagen (Nat Med)
• RNA virus error catastrophe: test using ribavirin (PNAS)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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A trio TWiVers reports on influenza in Australia, how a host protein impacts bird to human movement of influenza virus, and marine DNA viral diversity in the oceans from pole to pole.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Kathy Spindler, and Alan Dove

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• Australian Influenza Surveillance
• Real-time tracking of influenza H3N2
• ANP32B, or not to be (eLife)
• ANP32B on TWiV 377
• Species specific differences in ANP32B for influenza virus replication (eLife)
• Marine viral DNA diversity pole to pole (Cell)
• Letters read on TWiV 554
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Alan - Stephanie Langel's Discovery Talk Kathy- Map of languages in the USA Vincent- Grad student mental health with Susanna Harris video and on TWiM 199

Fernando - Pushing back on hyped-up science

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Vincent speaks with David Oshinsky, the Pulitzer Prize-winning author of Polio: An American Story, about the history of poliovirus vaccines.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guest: David Oshinsky

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Team TWiV reveals DNA polymerases that do not require a primer, and packaging of hepatitis delta virus by the envelope glycoproteins of diverse viruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Kiki Warren

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• Bacteriophage DNA polymerase is primer-independent (PNAS)
• Primer-independent DNA polymerase from mobile elements (Cell Rep)
• Non-HBV helper viruses for HDV (Nat Comm)
• Waning of measles vaccine immunity (one, two, three)
• Letters read on TWiV 552
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Alan - Seek Rich - Want to See My Genes? Get a Warrant and NIH director will no longer speak on all-male science panels Brianne- Unique scientists Dickson- Vaccines - Calling the Shots Vincent- NY eliminates religious vaccine exemptions and Jessica Biel reveals that she does not understand vaccines Kiki- Converting type A to type O blood

Justin - An Apple a Day

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At Retroviruses 2019 in Cold Spring Harbor, Vincent speaks with virologist Bryan Cullen about his work and his career, together with former associates Ann Skalka, Paul Bieniasz, and Michael Malim.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Bryan Cullen, Paul Bieniasz, Michael Malim, and Ann Skalka

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TWiV explains the use of a neuronal cell line to study herpes simplex virus latency and reactivation, and a strategy for creating vaccines that induce antibodies against specific epitopes.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier,Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

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• Neuronal cell line supports herpes simplex virus latency (J Virol)
• Protect, modify, deprotect (PNAS)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Alan - Quabbin Reservoir Rich - Katherine Swan Ginsburg Humanism in Medicine Program; The Arnold P. Gold Foundation Brianne- UPitt Measles Simulator Dickson- James Webb Space Telescope Vincent- Nobel Prizes and Life Sciences by Erling Norrby

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Kartik and Rohit join the TWiV team to present their identification of protocadherin-1 as a cell receptor for New World hantaviruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

Guests: Kartik Chandran and Rohit Jangra

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• Einstein goes viral (TWiV 314)
• Michael Rossmann, 88 (virology blog)
• Protocadherin-1 essential for New World hantavirus entry (Nature)
• Image credit
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

This episode is sponsored by the 2019 Chem/Bio Defense Science and Technology Conference. Are you working on innovative research that can shape the future of chemical or biological defense? Submit your abstract and present your work to more than 1,500 leaders from government, academia and industry. Visit www.cbdstconference.comfor more details.

Alan - Temi and Trint Rich - Using Jupiter's moons to determine where on Earth you are Kathy- Best architecture in every state Vincent - Cyberwire Podcast: The Ghost and the Mole Kartik- Slack Rohit- Antibody responses to viral infections

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Vincent travels to the European Congress of Virology in Rotterdam and with local co-host Marion Koopmans speak with Martin Beer, Stephan Gunther, and Vera Ross about their careers and their work on Lassa virus, Borna virus, and insect viruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racanielloand Marion Koopmans

Guests: Martin Beer, Stephan Gunther, and Vera Ros

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• ECV2019
• Partnerships not parachutes (TWiV 413)
• Fatal Borna disease virus infection in transplant recipients (NEJM)
• Sequencing of 2018 Lassa virus outbreak (Science)
• Zombie caterpillar behavior (Parasitol)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

This episode is sponsored by the 2019 Chem/Bio Defense Science and Technology Conference. Are you working on innovative research that can shape the future of chemical or biological defense? Submit your abstract and present your work to more than 1,500 leaders from government, academia and industry. Visit www.cbdstconference.com for more details.

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Vincent travels to the University at Albany to speak with Cara, Rachel, and Alex about their careers and their work on stress granules, epitranscriptomics, and arboviruses.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Cara Pager, Rachel Netzband, and Alex Ciota

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• Five postdocs in North America (TWiV 194)
• Zika virus subverts stress granules (J Virol)
• DDX68 modulates miR-122 interaction with HCV RNA (Virol)
• (+) RNA virus epitranscriptome (Nucl Acids Res)
• Adaptation of Rabensburg virus to vertebrate hosts (Virol)
• Effects of Zika virus strain and Aedes species on vector competence (Emerg Inf Dis)
• Inter- and intra-host genetic variation of West Nile virus and fine-scale evolutionary pressures (Infect Genet Evol)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

This episode is sponsored by the 2019 Chem/Bio Defense Science and Technology Conference. Are you working on innovative research that can shape the future of chemical or biological defense? Submit your abstract and present your work to more than 1,500 leaders from government, academia and industry. Visit www.cbdstconference.comfor more details.

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The un-encapsidated TWiV Humans discuss finding hepatitis D virus-related sequences in birds and snakes, and fatal swine acute diarrhoea syndrome caused by a coronavirus of bat origin.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

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• European Virus Archive
• ASV early bird registrationends 15 May
• FDA approves Dengvaxia
• Divergent hepatitis D-like agentin birds(Viruses)
• Novel deltavirus in snakes(mBio)
• SADS-coronavirusin piglets (Nature)
• Hosts and sources of endemic human coronaviruses(Adv Virus Res)
• Image credit
• Letters readon TWiV 546
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

This episode is sponsored by the 2019 Chem/Bio Defense Science and Technology Conference. Are you working on innovative research that can shape the future of chemical or biological defense? Submit your abstract and present your work to more than 1,500 leaders from government, academia and industry. Visit www.cbdstconference.com for more details.

Alan - Plots of Data visualization tool Rich - How to control the brain; Meet UF Physician Kelly Foote, MD Dickson- Oceanix Kathy- Iceproofing large structures Vincent - Neanderthal Man: In Search of Lost Genomes by Svante Paabo

Johyne- NYTimes Mag Lab (sorry, no link) Sheena - History of Vaccines by NPR

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Jens Kuhn returns to TWiV to explain Select Agents, Priority Pathogens, Australia List Pathogens, Risk Group Agents, biosafety, biosecurity, and biosurety.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Jens Kuhn

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• Bioweapon (TWiV 508)
• Bioterrorism and Biocrimes by W. Seth Carus
• Select Agents (selectagents.gov)
• BMBL Manual 5th Edition (pdf)
• Threading the NEIDL video (YouTube)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Jens - Forvo pronunciation guide Brianne -How long do vaccines last? Alan- How much hotter is your home town than when you were born? Dickson- 50 Stunning Photos of Earth Vincent - Madness and Memory by Stanley Prusiner

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiV team reveals the repertoire of anti-viral antibodies in newborn humans, and a complement protein that binds the adenovirus capsid and prevents release of the viral DNA.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• Maternal anti-viral antibodies in newborns (Nat Med)
• Complement protein blocks adenovirus uncoating (Cell Host Micr)
• Antibodies neutralize virus inside cells (virology blog)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 544
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Doctors use HIV in gene therapy to fix 'bubble boy' disease Rich - I Want What My Male Colleague Has Kathy- Preventing airborne disease (video and primary article) Vincent - The Mueller Report

Steve- Vaccine Mythbusting Cyprian- Ten simple rules towards healthier research labs

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiV team discusses Medusavirus, isolated from a hot spring in Japan, and induction of neurodegeneration by recurrent herpes simplex virus 1 infection of mice.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• Medusavirus (J Virol)
• Recurrent herpes simplex virus-1 and Alzheimer's (PLoS Path)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 543
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - How to Take a Picture of a Black Hole Alan- Jupiter Marbleimage Rich - NASA Commercial Crew Program; How SpaceX and Boeing will get Astronauts to the ISS; Everyday Astronaut Dickson- Sky-High Stunners Kathy- Arts at Michigan photo winnersand UM Microscopy Core image contest winners Vincent - NYC declares emergency over measles outbreak, mandates vaccinations and EMDataResource

Martin- Sydney Brenner passes

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Vincent travels to Microbiotix, Inc, a biopharmaceutical company in Worcester, MA to speak with four members of the company about their discovery and development of small molecule drugs that target serious infectious diseases.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Terry Bowlin, Zach Aron, Grace Lui, and Islam Hussein

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• Microbiotix, Inc.
• MBX-400
• Microbiotix pipeline
• Microbiotix publications
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Islam- How to successfully collaborate with industry

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiVers present mitoviruses, which infect mitochondria, and how quasi-enveloped hepatitis A virus gets naked again.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler

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• Evidence for plant mitoviruses (Virology)
• Uncoating of quasi-enveloped HAV (eLife)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 541
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Alan- Where and when to see cherry blossoms Dickson- Nebraska floods Kathy- Peeps fungal infection experiment Vincent - Emergency declared in NY over measles, unvaccinated barred from public spaces

Sam- STLR conversations Josh- Tree of Life

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiVstars reveal the diversity of herpes simplex virus type 2 in a neonatal population, and parallel adaptation of rabbits in three countries to myxoma virus.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler

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• Diversity of HSV2 in neonates (mSphere)
• Adaptation of rabbits to myxoma virus (Science)
• Principal component analysis (YouTube)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 540
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Alan- The Quarters Rich- Brian May - New Horizons (Ultima Thule Mix) [Official Music Video] Dickson- How rats became an inescapable part of city living Kathy- Principal Component Analysis (short longer) and Educational Material about Influenza Viruses Vincent - Why "chickenpox parties" are a terrible idea—in case it's not obvious

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiV hosts present two potentially seminal papers, on long-distance chemoattraction of a host by a chlorovirus, and replication of a nanovirus across multiple cells in a plant.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• Paul Has Measles now in German (virology blog)
• Chloroviruses lure hosts (J Virol)
• Multicellular replication in plants (eLife)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 539
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Why Do So Many Scientists Want to be Filmmakers Alan- Better boarding method airlines won't use Dickson- Mass timber building Kathy- What organisms to study flow chart Vincent - World Pulls Andon Cord on 737 MAX

Richard- The Real Cost of Knowledge Islam- 200 icosahedral viruses poster Mike- Post-Doc Me Now

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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TWiV travels to the University of Iowa to speak with Wendy Maury and Stanley Perlman about their research on Ebolavirus entry and coronavirus pathogenesis.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

Guests: Wendy Mauryand Stanley Perlman

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• TIM-1 is receptorfor Ebolaviruses (Proc Natl Acad Sci)
• TIM-1 is receptor for Lassa virus (J Virol)
• SARS coronavirus causes neuronal death (J Virol)
• T cells and IL-10 in viral demyelination (J Neuroimmunol)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The Scholars of the Podcast reveal ribosomal proteins encoded in viral genomes, and a protein cell receptor for bat influenza viruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• European Congress of Virology 2019
• ASM Clinical Virology Symposium
• Intel ISEF judges needed
• Roald Dahl endorses measles vaccine
• Viruses encode ribosomal proteins (Nat Commun)
• Bat influenza virus receptor (Nature)
• Going to bat for flu research (TWiV 173)
• Letters read on TWiV 537
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Yes, I'm a Scientist on Twitter. Stop Judging Me. Alan- Impact of vaccines, graphed in heat maps Dickson- Treehoppers Kathy- World watershed maps Rich- Gene Machine by Venki Ramakrishnan Vincent - House hearing on measles outbreak (ASM comment)

Jordan- Facebook may remove anti-vaccine recommendations

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Vincent and Alan travel to Tufts Veterinary School where they meet up with members of the Runstadler lab to talk about their work on influenza virus circulation in water birds and seals.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Alan Dove

Guests: Jonathan Runstadler, Nichola Hill, Wendy Puryear, and Kate Sawatzki

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• Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine
• Influenza virus in North Atlantic grey seals (Emerg Microbes infect)
• Influenza viruses in Alaskan wild birds (Emerg Inf Dis)
• Wild bird influenza virus replication in human cells (Infect Genet Evol)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiV team discuss the use of quantum dots to study uncoating of influenza virus in real time, and induction of endothelial dysfunction by flavivirus NS1 proteins in a tissue-specific manner.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

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• European Congress of Virology 2019
• ASM Clinical Virology Symposium
• Intel ISEF judges needed
• Quantum dots to visualize influenza entry (PNAS)
• Quantum dots (Wikipedia)
• Flavivirus NS1 triggers endothelial dysfunction (Cell Rep)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 535
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Hotel Influenza Alan- Your town's climate in 60 years Dickson- BMC Research in Progress Photo Competition Rich- NASA's Opportunity Rover Mission on Mars Ends (landing animation) Vincent - Watch a single cell become a complex organism in six minutes

Anne- Pathogenesis II Kickstarter

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiV crew reveal a unique portal on the calcivirus capsid formed upon receptor engagement, and the regulation of interferon responses in virus-infected cells by methylation of mRNA.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• European Congress of Virology 2019
• ASM Clinical Virology Symposium
• Intel ISEF judges needed
• Calicivirus portal visualized (Nature)
• Calicivirus portal - long version (biorXiv)
• m6A modification and innate response (Nat Immunol)
• Brianne Barker's immunology course
• m6A modification and innate response (Genes Dev)
• Letters read on TWiV 534
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - The Red Queen's Race Card Game Alan- Pentax Papilio II Dickson- Felice Frankel on improving visual side of science Kathy- History of the alphabet chart (free download) usefulcharts.com (see blog, such as Latin Greek Cyrillic Venn Diagram) Vincent - Virology Lectures 2019

Peter- Microbehunter (YouTube, blog, forum)

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiVosophers review the Chinese plasma virome revealed by non-invasive prenatal testing, and a new filovirus genome from bats in China.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• ASV 2019
• European Congress of Virology 2019
• ASM Clinical Virology Symposium
• Intel ISEF judges needed
• Jerard Hurwitz age 90 RIP
• Paul has Measles now in French (virology blog)
• Chinese plasma virome (Cell)
• Blood virome of 8000 humans (TWiV 435)
• Měnglà filovirus from bats in China (Nat Microbiol)
• How to write a virus name (ICTV)
• Ortervirales (J Virol)
• Virologists oppose new definition of virus species (Arch Virol)
• Ebola sitrep (WHO)
• Letters read on TWiV 533
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Trying Polar Vortex Experiments at Home Rich- Three Identical Strangers Kathy- Science wear, especially for Valentine's Day (discount) Vincent - State of anti-vaccine movement in US and Top 10 Health Threats for 2019

Amy- If government can't deliver safe vaccines, is it fit to rule? Ted- Understanding Economics of Microbial Threats (pdf)

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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